Pratiwi, Anggi (2015) HUBUNGAN KONSEP AL-SAM’ , AL-BAṢAR, AL-FU`ĀD, DAN AL-QALB DALAM AL-QUR’ĀN DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP PENGEMBANGAN TEORI PEMBELAJARAN DALAM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM. S2 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.
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Abstract
Latar belakang penelitian ini berangkat dari adanya ketersambungan fakta sejarah di dalam Al-Qur’ān tentang kemampuan intelegensi kaum kafir seperti kaum ṡamud, ‘ād dan Firaun yang menentang Allah, dan ternyata tercermin juga di dalam konsep pendidikan yang cenderung mengukur prestasi belajar secara materi. Inilah sumber jawaban mengapa pendidikan saat ini gagal menghantarkan peserta didik menjadi manusia yang unggul baik secara materi dan spiritual. Sehingga begitu penting menguak bagaimana konsep pembelajaran terbaik untuk pendidikan secara umum. Al-Qur’ān sendiri mengungkap bahwa variabel pembelajaran pada manusia berada pada diantaranya: daya al-sam’, baṣar, fu`ād dan qalb. Penelitian di sini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan menggunakan, pendekatan kualitatif sedang teknik analisis data melalui tafsir mauḍu’i. Data-data yang dikumpulkan utamanya bersumber dari 5 kitab tafsir Al-Qur’ān: Ibnu Katsir, tafsir Al-Maraghi, tafsir Al-Mishbah, tafsir Fi Zhilalil Qur’an dan tafsir Ath-Thabari, serta beberapa referensi yang berhubungan dengan konsep kajian. Sedangkan teknik analisis data didasarkan kajian tafsir tematik (mauḍu’i). Penelitian ini berusaha mencari jawaban utama dari rumusan masalah yakni: apakah hubungan antar keempat konsep (Al-sam’, Al-baṣar, Al-fu`ād dan Al-qalb) yang akan berimplikasi terhadap teori pembelajaran dalam pendidikan Islam. Hasil dari kajian berdasarkan tafsir mauḍu’i menjelaskan terdapat hubungan antar ke empat konsep dalam proses pembelajaran, utamanya sebagai media belajar. Melalui kata al-sam’ manusia oleh Allah diciptakan dengan kemampuan berkomunikasi melalui sistem bahasa, melalui kata al-baṣar manusia mempunyai kemampuan memberdayakan sekumpulan data inderawi untuk dikembangkan dan disederhanakan dalam bentuk penyimbolan. Melalui kata al-fu`ād manusia memiliki sistem emosi dan mengingat. Melalui al-qalb manusia memiliki kemampuan mengendalikan secara aktif perilakunya dengan pikiran kritis. Implikasinya terhadap teori pembelajaran berkenaan prinsip dari belajar bahwa, manusia belajar untuk sesuatu yang dikuatkan bukan untuk sesuatu yang hanya berkembang namun “memaksa”. Adapun kesimpulanya adalah, konsep pembelajaran dalam Al-Qur’ān untuk menghadirkan kesadaran penuh seseorang mewujudkan amalan baik melalui proses belajar yang memperkuat intelegensi dan fisik itu sendiri. Sebagai akhir dari penelitian, terdapat beberapa rekomendasi yang dirasa perlu ditindak lanjuti oleh beberapa pihak diantaranya: (1) penelitian melalui tafsir mauḍu’i sangat komprehensif membantu para peneliti untuk membangun konstruk teori pembelajaran secara utuh. Oleh karena itu dirasa sangat penting pihak prodi PAI pasca sarjana UPI memberikan perhatian yang serius bagi para peneliti yang membangun konsep berdasarkan Al-Qur’ān melalui teknik tafsir mauḍu’i. (2) peneliti selanjutnya dapat meneliti konsep al-sam’, al-baṣar, al-fu`ād dan al-qalb dengan lebih berbeda dan mendalam. Key word: deskriptif, kualitatif, Al-sam’, Al-baṣar,Al-fu`ād dan Al-qalb, mauḍu’i Background of this research started from the existence of connectedness historical facts in Al-Qur’ān about the unbelievers’ intelligence ability such as ṡamud people, ‘ād people, and Firaun who disobeyed Allah, and it turns out to be reflected too in the concept of education which tends to measure learning achievement materially. This is the answer source of why education nowadays fails to make the learners outstanding materially and spiritually. Therefore it is important to unveil how the best learning concept for education generally. Al-Qur’ān itself conveys that the learning variables on human being are on sama’, basirah, fu’ad, and qalb abilities. Here the research used descriptive method using qualitative approach while the data analysis technique was through mauḍu’i interpretation. Obtained data mostly came from 5 Al-Qur’ānic interpretation books: Ibnu Katsir, tafsir Al-Maraghi, tafsir Al-Mishbah, tafsir Fi Zhilalil Qur’an and tafsir Ath-Thabari, supported by some references related to the study concept, while data analysis technique was based on thematic interpretation study (mauḍu’i). This research tried to look for main answer of problem formulation namely: what is the relation between those four concepts (al-sam’, baṣar, fu`ād and qalb) which will implicate toward the learning theory of Islam education. Result of the study based on mauḍu’i interpretation explained that there is a relation between those four concepts in learning process, mainly as learning media. Through word al-sama’ human was created by Allah with communication skill through language system, through word al-baṣar human has ability to use all sensory to be developed or simplified into symbolization. Through word al-fu`ād human has emotion system and memorization. Through al-qalb human has ability to actively control his behavior with critical thinking. Its implication toward learning theory related to the learning principles is that human learns for something which is strengthened, not for something which is only developed but “insisted”. The conclusion is that learning concept in Al-Qur’ān to presenting full consciousness of human to do good deeds through learning process strengthens the intelligence and the physic themselves. In the end of the research, there are few recommendations which are expected to be followed up by some parties such as: (1) research through mauḍu’i interpretation is very comprehensive to help researchers in wholly constructing the learning concept. Therefore it is assumed very important for UPI’s PAI post-graduate department to pay serious attention to researchers constructing concepts based on Al-Qur’ān through mauḍu’i interpretation technique. (2) Further researchers could research the concept of al-sam’, al-baṣar, al- fu’ad, and al-qalb more differently and deeply. Keywords: descriptive, qualitative, al-sam’, al-baṣar, al- fu`ād, al-qalb, mauḍu’i.
| Item Type: | Thesis (S2) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | No. Panggil : T PAI PRA h-2015; Pembimbing : I.Aam Abdussalam, II. Wawan Hermawan |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | deskriptif, kualitatif, Al-sam’, Al-baṣar,Al-fu`ād, Al-qalb, mauḍu’i |
| Subjects: | B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BP Islam. Bahaism. Theosophy, etc L Education > LB Theory and practice of education L Education > LB Theory and practice of education > LB2300 Higher Education |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial > Pendidikan Agama Islam |
| Depositing User: | Mrs. Neni Sumarni |
| Date Deposited: | 17 Nov 2016 08:23 |
| Last Modified: | 17 Nov 2016 08:23 |
| URI: | http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/22401 |
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