PENGEMBANGAN KEMANDIRIAN ANAK USIA DINI BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS TUNAGRAHITA MELALUI PENGASUHAN DEMOKRATIS

Ani Apriyani, - and UNSPECIFIED (2024) PENGEMBANGAN KEMANDIRIAN ANAK USIA DINI BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS TUNAGRAHITA MELALUI PENGASUHAN DEMOKRATIS. S1 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.

Abstract

Anak berkebutuhan khusus adalah anak yang karena cacatnya memerlukan perawatan khusus agar dapat berhasil melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari dan mencapai perkembangan yang optimal. Anak berkebutuhan khusus memerlukan bantuan orang dewasa untuk mengembangkan kemandiriannya sehingga dapat mempraktekkan perawatan diri sebagai kebutuhan dasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengembangan kemandirian anak usia dini berkebutuhan khusus melalui pengasuhan demokratis. Subjek penelitian ini adalah Z (anak berkebutuhan khusus tunagrahita berusia 6 tahun berjenis kelamin perempuan), Ibu K selaku orang tua Z, dan Ibu L selaku guru kelas Z di TK Patria Kota Serang. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini meliputi observasi, wawancara, dan penelitian dokumen. Teknik analisis data penelitian melibatkan tiga langkah: pengorganisasian data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pola asuh demokratis orang tua pada anak usia dini berkebutuhan khusus tunagrahita menekankan pada 1) memberikan pujian, kasih sayang, motivasi dan semangat belajar; 2) memberikan kebebasan pada Z baik untuk memilih apa yang diinginkan; 3) memberikan hadiah dan hukuman yang bersifat edukatif dan dapat menstimulasi perkembangan Z; 4) menerima kekurangan dan kelebihan serta memberi kesempatan pada Z untuk dapat melakukan apa yang diinginkan. Pola asuh demokratis memberikan dampat positif terhadap perkembangan indikator kemandirian anak usia dini berkebutuhan khusus diantaranya meningkatkan kepercayaan diri anak dalam melakukan kegiatan yang memerlukan kemampuan fisik, membuat anak mampu menjalin relasi sosial yang baik dengan teman sebaya, anak menunjukkan tanggung jawab meski pada level mendasar, anak sanggup berbagi dengan orang lain dan anak tidak berperilaku agresif saat marah. Penelitian ini direkomendasikan sebagai acuan bagi pihak-pihak seperti bagi pendidik/guru anak usia dini, bagi orang tua, dan bagi penelitian selanjutnya. Kata Kunci : Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus, Kemandirian, Pola Asuh Demokratis Developing the Independence of Early Childhood Children with Special Needs and Mentally Impaired Through Democratic Parenting Children with special needs are children who, because of their disabilities, require special care in order to be able to successfully carry out daily activities and achieve optimal development. Children with special needs need adult help to develop their independence so they can practice self-care as a basic need. This research aims to examine the development of independence of young children with special needs through democratic parenting. The subjects of this research were Z (a 6-year-old mentally retarded child with special needs, female), Mrs. K as Z's parent, and Mrs. L as Z's class teacher at Patria Kindergarten, Serang City. Data collection techniques in this research include observation, interviews and document research. Research data analysis techniques involve three steps: organizing data, data presentation and conclusions. According to research results, democratic parenting style of parents of young children with special needs who are mentally retarded emphasizes 1) providing praise, affection, motivation and enthusiasm for learning; 2) give Z both the freedom to choose what they want; 3) provide rewards and punishments that are educational and can stimulate Z's development; 4) accept strengths and weaknesses and give Z the opportunity to do what he wants. Democratic parenting has a positive impact on the development of independence indicators for early childhood children with special needs, including increasing children's self-confidence in carrying out activities that require physical abilities, making children able to establish good social relationships with peers, children showing responsibility even at a basic level, children able to share with others and children do not behave aggressively when angry. This research is recommended as a reference for parties such as early childhood educators/teachers, parents, and for further research. Keywords: Children with Special Needs, Independence, Democratic Parenting Style

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Item Type:	Thesis (S1)
Additional Information:	https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=search_authors&mauthors=&hl=en&oi=drw SINTA ID 6043460 SINTA ID 5993230
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus, Kemandirian, Pola Asuh Demokratis Children with Special Needs, Independence, Democratic Parenting
Subjects:	L Education > L Education (General)
Divisions:	UPI Kampus Serang > PGPAUD UPI Kampus Serang
Depositing User:	ANI APRIYANI
Date Deposited:	26 Sep 2024 03:43
Last Modified:	26 Sep 2024 03:43
URI:	http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/123402

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