ANALISIS ANTROPOMETRI SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR USIA 10-12 TAHUN DI PERKOTAAN DAN PEDESAAN

Sintha Rahayu Mulyana, - (2024) ANALISIS ANTROPOMETRI SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR USIA 10-12 TAHUN DI PERKOTAAN DAN PEDESAAN. S1 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.

Abstract

Masa peralihan dari masa kanak-kanak akhir menuju masa remaja awal merupakan
masa transisi dimana secara pertumbuhan fisik seeorang akan mengalami perubahan,
tetapi hal tersebut apakah dibarengi dengan keadaan gizi yang sesuai dengan
usianya? Maka dari itu penelitian ini berfokus pada analisis antropometri siswa
sekolah dasar usia 10-12 tahun di wilayah perkotaan dan pedesaan. Tujuannya
adalah untuk mengidentifikasi perbedaan dalam ukuran tubuh anak-anak dari kedua
daerah tersebut, serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Metode yang digunakan
yaitu metode deskriptif komparatif dan desain penelitian yang digunakan yaitu
cross-sectional study (penelitian potong lintang), adapun komponen antropometri
yang menjadi fokus kajian diantaranya tinggi badan, berat badan, dan indeks massa
tubuh (BMI) dari sampel sekolah-sekolah terpilih diantaranya di perkotaan yang
diwakilkan oleh SD Ignatius Slamet Riyadi 2 (Kota Bandung) sebanyak 76 siswa
dan pedesaan diwakilkan oleh SD Simpen 3 (Limbangan, Kabupaten Garut)
sebanyak 66 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan yaitu cluster
random sampling. Instrumen pada penelitian ini yaitu The WHO Reference 2007
mengenai standar antropometri anak usia 5 (lima) tahun sampai dengan 18 (delapan
belas) tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa antropometri anak usia 10-12
tahun di perkotaan pada indikator berat badan memiliki rata-rata normal (69.7%),
overwight (27.6%), dan underweight (2.6%) dan pada indikator tinggi badan
tergambarkan keseluruhannya normal (100%) serta pada indikator indek masa tubuh
(IMT) rata-rata kategori gizi baik/normal (69.7%), obesitas (21.1%), gizi lebih
(6.6%), gizi kurang (1.3%), gizi buruk (1.3%). Selanjutnya antropometri anak usia
10-12 tahun di pedesaan pada indikator berat badan memiliki rata-rata normal
(77.3%), overwight (12.1%), dan underweight (10.6%) dan pada indikator tinggi
badan memiliki kategori normal (92.4%), kategori tinggi (1.5%), kategori pendek
(6.1%) serta pada indikator indek masa tubuh (IMT) rata-rata kategori gizi
baik/normal (78.8%), obesitas (10.6%), gizi lebih (3.0%), gizi kurang (7.6%).
Kemudian secara analisis data diketahui bahwa siswa sekolah dasar usia 10-12 tahun
wilayah pedesaan dan perkotaan terdapat perbedaan signifikan dalam beberapa
parameter antropometri antara perkotaan dan pedesaan, di mana siswa di perkotaan
cenderung memiliki ukuran tubuh yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan siswa di
pedesaan. Faktor-faktor seperti pola makan, tingkat aktivitas fisik, serta akses
terhadap fasilitas kesehatan dan pendidikan menjadi variabel penting yang
mempengaruhi hasil tersebut. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan
kontribusi dalam upaya peningkatan kesehatan dan kesejahteraan anak-anak di
kedua wilayah tersebut melalui intervensi yang tepat sasaran.
The transition period from late childhood to early adolescence is a transition period
where a person's physical growth will experience changes, but is this accompanied
by nutritional conditions appropriate to their age? Therefore, this research focuses
on anthropometric analysis of elementary school students aged 10-12 years in
urban and rural areas. The aim is to identify differences in the body size of children
from the two regions, as well as the factors that influence them. The method used is
a comparative descriptive method and the research design used is a cross-sectional
study (cross-sectional research), while the anthropometric components that are the
focus of the study include height, weight and body mass index (BMI) from a sample
of selected schools. including 76 students in urban areas represented by Ignatius
Slamet Riyadi 2 Elementary School (Bandung City) and 66 students in rural areas
represented by Simpen 3 Elementary School (Limbangan, Garut Regency). The
sampling technique used was cluster random sampling. The instrument in this
research is The WHO Reference 2007 regarding anthropometric standards for
children aged 5 (five) years to 18 (eighteen) years. The results of the study showed
that the anthropometry of children aged 10-12 years in urban areas on the weight
indicator had a normal average (69.7%), overwight (27.6%), and underweight
(2.6%) and on the height indicator the overall figure was normal (100% ) as well
as the average body mass index (BMI) indicators in the categories of good/normal
nutrition (69.7%), obesity (21.1%), over nutrition (6.6%), under nutrition (1.3%),
poor nutrition (1.3%). Furthermore, the anthropometry of children aged 10-12
years in rural areas on the weight indicator has a normal average (77.3%),
overwight (12.1%), and underweight (10.6%) and on the height indicator it has a
normal category (92.4%), category tall (1.5%), short category (6.1%) and the
average body mass index (BMI) category of good/normal nutrition (78.8%), obesity
(10.6%), over nutrition (3.0%), under nutrition (7.6%). Then, through data
analysis, it is known that elementary school students aged 10-12 years in rural and
urban areas have significant differences in several anthropometric parameters
between urban and rural areas, where students in urban areas tend to have a larger
body size compared to students in rural areas. Factors such as diet, level of physical
activity, and access to health and educational facilities are important variables that
influence these results. It is hoped that this research can contribute to efforts to
improve the health and welfare of children in these two regions through targeted
interventions.

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Item Type:	Thesis (S1)
Additional Information:	SINTA ID : 5984830 SINTA ID : 5994887
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Antropometri, Tumbuh Kembang Anak, Usia 10-12 tahun, Pekotaan, Pedesaan Anthropometrics, Child Growth and Development, Age 10-12 Years, Urban, Rural
Subjects:	L Education > L Education (General) L Education > LB Theory and practice of education > LB1501 Primary Education R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC1200 Sports Medicine
Divisions:	Fakultas Pendidikan Olahraga dan Kesehatan > Jurusan Pendidikan Olahraga > PGSD Penjas
Depositing User:	Sintha Rahayu Mulyana
Date Deposited:	14 Feb 2025 08:20
Last Modified:	14 Feb 2025 08:20
URI:	http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/130776

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