OPTIMASI PRODUKSI ENZIM SELULASE OLEH JAMUR SELULOLITIK Aspergillus niger PADA SUBSTRAT SERBUK TONGKOL JAGUNG (Zea mays)

    Sinta Yuliandini, - and Peristiwati, - and Wahyu Surakusumah, - (2025) OPTIMASI PRODUKSI ENZIM SELULASE OLEH JAMUR SELULOLITIK Aspergillus niger PADA SUBSTRAT SERBUK TONGKOL JAGUNG (Zea mays). S1 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.

    Abstract

    Tongkol jagung merupakan limbah pertanian yang kaya akan selulosa dan berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai substrat untuk produksi enzim selulase. Enzim selulase memiliki peran penting dalam pengolahan limbah lignoselulosa dan berbagai industri seperti tekstil, pembuatan bioetanol, kertas, pakan ternak, medis, dan makanan. Aspergillus niger merupakan jamur selulolitik potensial yang mampu menghasilkan enzim selulase secara efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui optimasi produksi enzim selulase oleh jamur selulolitik Aspergillus niger pada substrat serbuk tongkol jagung (Zea mays). Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan mengisolasi kultur murni Aspergillus niger dari PT. AGAVI dan diuji aktivitas selulolitiknya pada media CMC agar. Fermentasi dilakukan menggunakan metode fermentasi cair (Submerged Fermentation) dengan variasi suhu (29,5°C dan 30,5°C) serta pH (4,5 dan 5,5). Aktivitas enzim selulase dianalisis menggunakan metode DNS untuk mengukur kadar gula pereduksi yang dihasilkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jamur Aspergillus niger memiliki kemampuan untuk menghasilkan enzim selulase. Suhu dan pH optimum untuk menghasilkan aktivitas enzim selulase tertinggi ditemukan pada kondisi suhu 30,5°C dan pH 4,5. Aktivitas enzim selulase tertinggi diperoleh pada kondisi optimum sebesar 1,125 U/mL dengan biomassa sebanyak 0,754 mg/mL. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam meningkatkan produksi enzim selulase melalui optimasi kondisi fermentasi seperti suhu dan pH. Serbuk tongkol jagung terbukti sebagai sumber karbon yang efektif untuk produksi enzim oleh Aspergillus niger. Temuan ini berpotensi diaplikasikan dalam industri bioteknologi.

    Corn cob is an agricultural waste that is rich in cellulose and has the potential to be utilized as a substrate for cellulase enzyme production. Cellulase enzymes have an important role in the processing of lignocellulosic waste and various industries such as textiles, bioethanol production, paper, animal feed, medical, and food. Aspergillus niger is a potential cellulolytic fungus that can produce cellulase enzyme efficiently. This study aims to optimize the production of cellulase enzyme by cellulolytic fungus Aspergillus niger on corn cob powder substrate (Zea mays). The research method was carried out by isolating pure culture of Aspergillus niger from PT. AGAVI and tested its cellulolytic activity on CMC agar media. Fermentation was carried out using the liquid fermentation method (Submerged Fermentation) with temperature variations of (29.5°C and 30.5°C) and pH (4.5 and 5.5). Cellulase enzyme activity was analyzed using the DNS method to measure the level of reducing sugar produced. The results showed that Aspergillus niger fungus has the ability to produce cellulase enzyme. The optimum temperature and pH to produce the highest cellulase enzyme activity were found at 30.5°C and pH 4.5. The highest cellulase enzyme activity was obtained in the optimum condition of 1.125 U/mL with 0.754 mg/mL biomass. This study contributes to increase the production of cellulase enzyme through optimization of fermentation conditions such as temperature and pH. Corn cob powder was proven as an effective carbon source for enzyme production by Aspergillus niger. This finding has the potential to be applied in the biotechnology industry.

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    Official URL: https://repository.upi.edu/
    Item Type: Thesis (S1)
    Additional Information: https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=new_articles&hl=en&imq=Sinta+Yuliandini+2109173# ID SINTA Dosen Pembimbing Peristiwati: 6146081 Wahyu Surakusumah: 6723267
    Uncontrolled Keywords: Aspergillus niger, enzim selulase, jamur selulolitik, selulosa, tongkol jagung Aspergillus niger, cellulase enzyme, cellulolytic fungus, cellulose, corn cob
    Subjects: Q Science > Q Science (General)
    Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology
    Divisions: Fakultas Pendidikan Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam > Program Studi Biologi - S1 > Program Studi Biologi (non kependidikan)
    Depositing User: Sinta Yuliandini
    Date Deposited: 06 May 2025 07:14
    Last Modified: 06 May 2025 07:14
    URI: http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/132996

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