DESAIN TETRAHEDRON DIDAKTIS KUBUS DAN BALOK DENGAN PENDEKATAN STEAM UNTUK MENGEMBANGKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS MATEMATIS SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA

Iik Nurhikmayati, - and Darhim, - and Jarnawi Afgani Dahlan, - and Sufyani Prabawanto, - (2025) DESAIN TETRAHEDRON DIDAKTIS KUBUS DAN BALOK DENGAN PENDEKATAN STEAM UNTUK MENGEMBANGKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS MATEMATIS SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA. S3 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.

Abstract

Kemampuan berpikir kritis merupakan salah satu keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi yang menjadi indikator penting dalam menilai kualitas pembelajaran siswa. Keterampilan berpikir erat kaitannya dengan matematika, pemahaman materi matematika diperoleh melalui aktivitas berpikir kritis, sementara kemampuan berpikir kritis dikembangkan melalui serangkaian proses dalam pembelajaran matematika, diantaranya pada materi kubus dan balok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan tetrahedron didaktis kubus dan balok meliputi karakteristik learning obstacle, HLT dan LIT dengan pendekatan STEAM dalam upaya mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif, penelitian ini menggunakan framework design research yang bersifat siklik dan iteratif, melalui tiga fase utama yaitu preliminary design, teaching experiment, dan retrospective analysis. Temuan penelitian mengidentifikasi enam karakteristik learning obstacles yang dialami siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah berkaitan dengan komponen berpikir kritis. Berdasarkan temuan ini, HLT diperoleh untuk mengasah kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa pada materi kubus dan balok. Implementasi desain tetrahedron didaktis hipotesis dilakukan sampai siklus ke 2 yang menunjukkan bahwa seluruh rangkaian tugas pada HLT dapat dilalui siswa dengan dugaan respon siswa yang sudah sesuai dengan respon siswa terhadap situasi didaktis yang dihadirkan, sehingga antisipasi didaktis yang disiapkan dapat mengatasi setiap respon yang muncul. Kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa pada komponen elementary clarification, basic support, advanced clarification serta strategies and tactics dikategorikan berkembang dengan baik melalui desain tetrahedron didaktis yang dibuat, dan pada komponen references dikategorikan cukup berkembang. Temuan ini sejalan dengan evaluasi dan refleksi pada fase analysis retrospective yang menunjukkan terdapat 3 dari 23 learning obstacle yang belum dapat diantispasi dengan optimal yang merupakan learning obstacles pada komponen inferences dan advanced clarification. Namun secara keseluruhan, kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa berada pada kategori berkembang dengan baik dengan desain tetrahedron didaktis dengan pendekatan STEAM berdasarkan indikator yang ditetapkan. LIT kubus dan balok dengan pendekatan STEAM diperoleh berdasarkan rangkaian penelitian yang dilakukan sebagai produk akhir dari desain tetrahedron didaktis yang telah diimplementasikan dan diperbaiki secara berulang. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya pengembangan desain tetrahedron didaktis dalam pembelajaran matematika, khususnya pada materi kubus dan balok yang berorientasi pada pengembangan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa serta perbaikan pada komponen kemampuan berpikir kritis yang belum dikembangkan dengan optimal. Critical thinking ability is one of the higher order thinking kills that is an important indicator in assessing the quality of student learning. Thinking skills are closely related to mathematics, understanding of mathematical material is obtained through critical thinking activities, while critical thinking skills are developed through a series of processes in mathematics learning, including on cube and cuboid material. This study aims to develop a didactical tetrahedron design of cubes and cuboids including analysis of learning obstacle characteristics, development of HLT and LIT with STEAM approach in an effort to develop critical thinking skills of junior high school students. Through a qualitative approach, this study used a design research framework that is cyclic and iterative, through three main phases, namely preliminary design, teaching experiment, and retrospective analysis. The research findings identified six characteristics of learning obstacles experienced by students in solving problems related to critical thinking components. Based on these findings, HLT was obtained to hone students' critical thinking skills in cube and cuboid materials. The implementation of the hypothetical didactical tetrahedron design was carried out until cycle 2 which showed that the entire series of tasks on the HLT could be passed by students with the assumed student responses that were in accordance with student responses to the didactical situation presented, so that the prepared didactical anticipation could overcome any response that arose. Students' critical thinking skills in the elementary clarification, basic support, advanced clarification and strategies and tactics components were categorized as well developed with the didactical tetrahedron design made, but the references component was categorized as moderately developed. This finding is in line with the evaluation and reflection in the retrospective analysis phase which shows that there are 3 out of 23 learning obstacles that cannot be anticipated optimally: learning obstacles in the inferences and advanced clarification component. Overall, students' critical thinking skills are in the well-developed category using the STEAM approach based on the indicators set with the didactical tetrahedron design. LIT cubes and cuboids with STEAM approach is obtained based on the entire series of research conducted as the final product of the didactical tetrahedron design that has been implemented and improved iteratively. This research confirms the importance of developing didactical tetrahedron designs in mathematics learning, especially in cube and cuboid materials that are oriented towards developing students' critical thinking skills and improving the components of critical thinking skills that have not been optimally developed.

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Item Type:	Thesis (S3)
Additional Information:	https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=4kV4pLEAAAAJ&hl=id&oi=ao ID SINTA Dosen Pembimbing: Prof. Dr. H. Darhim, M.Si : 6166301 Dr. Jarnawi Afgani Dahlan, M.Kes : 5974544 Prof. Dr. H. Sufyani Prabawanto, M.Pd : 5995121
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Desain tetrahedron didaktis, kubus dan balok, STEAM, Kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis Didactical tetrahedron design, cube and cuboid, STEAM, mathematical critical thinking skills.
Subjects:	L Education > L Education (General) L Education > LB Theory and practice of education L Education > LB Theory and practice of education > LB1603 Secondary Education. High schools
Divisions:	Fakultas Pendidikan Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam > Pendidikan Matematika - S3
Depositing User:	Iik Nurhikmayati
Date Deposited:	12 Sep 2025 03:04
Last Modified:	12 Sep 2025 03:04
URI:	http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/138664

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