PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN COOPERATIVE LEARNING TYPE GROUP INVESTIGATION TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPS DI SEKOLAH DASAR

Rangga Sunaryo Prayogo, - and Hafiziani Eka Putri, - and Jennyta Caturiasari, - (2025) PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN COOPERATIVE LEARNING TYPE GROUP INVESTIGATION TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPS DI SEKOLAH DASAR. S1 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.

Abstract

Kemampuan berpikir kritis merupakan keterampilan esensial yang harus dimiliki oleh siswa dalam menghadapi tantangan abad ke-21, khususnya dalam pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (IPS). Namun, kenyataannya menunjukkan bahwa banyak siswa sekolah dasar masih cenderung pasif, berorientasi pada hafalan, dan kurang dilibatkan dalam proses pembelajaran yang mendorong analisis serta penalaran mendalam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Cooperative Learning type Group Investigation (GI) terhadap peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa sekolah dasar dalam pembelajaran IPS. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuasi eksperimen dengan desain pretest-posttest control group. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari dua kelas V di salah satu SD di Jakarta Barat yang dipilih secara simple random sampling, dengan pembagian kelompok eksperimen yang menggunakan model GI dan kelompok kontrol yang menggunakan model Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD). Instrumen penelitian berupa tes kemampuan berpikir kritis yang dikembangkan berdasarkan empat indikator, yaitu interpretasi, analisis, evaluasi, dan inferensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan dari penerapan model GI terhadap peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. Hasil analisis menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam kemampuan berpikir kritis IPS siswa yang diajar dengan Group Investigation (GI), dengan nilai rata-rata posttest mencapai 85,29, dibandingkan dengan 70,67 pada kelompok kontrol. Uji-T menunjukkan nilai p-value sebesar 0,00, yang mengidentifikasi perbedaan signifikan antara kedua kelompok. Selain itu, analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa Group Investigation (GI) memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis IPS siswa. Selain itu, terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara kelompok GI dan STAD, di mana model GI terbukti lebih efektif. Dengan demikian, model Group Investigation layak dijadikan alternatif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dalam pembelajaran IPS. ----- Critical thinking skills are essential competencies that students must possess in facing the challenges of the 21st century, particularly in Social Studies (IPS) learning. However, the reality shows that many elementary school students tend to be passive, rely heavily on memorization, and are less engaged in learning processes that encourage analysis and deep reasoning. This study aims to examine the effect of the Cooperative Learning model type Group Investigation (GI) on improving the critical thinking skills of elementary school students in Social Studies learning. The research employed a quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design. The sample consisted of two fifth-grade classes from an elementary school in West Jakarta, selected through simple random sampling. The experimental group was taught using the GI model, while the control group used the Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) model. The research instrument was a critical thinking test developed based on four indicators: interpretation, analysis, evaluation, and inference. The results showed a significant effect of the GI model on the improvement of students’ critical thinking skills. The analysis revealed a notable increase in Social Studies critical thinking scores for students taught using the Group Investigation model, with an average post-test score of 85.29 compared to 70.67 in the control group. The t-test yielded a p-value of 0.00, indicating a statistically significant difference between the two groups. Moreover, regression analysis demonstrated that the GI model had a positive contribution to students' critical thinking abilities in Social Studies. Furthermore, a significant difference was found between the GI and STAD groups, with the GI model proving to be more effective. Thus, the Group Investigation model is deemed a viable alternative for enhancing students’ critical thinking skills in Social Studies learning.

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Item Type:	Thesis (S1)
Additional Information:	https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&user=PhyVWC8AAAAJ ID SINTA Dosen Pembimbing Hafiziani Eka Putri: 5994008 Jennyta Caturiasari: 6706344
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Group Investigation, pembelajaran kooperatif, berpikir kritis, IPS, siswa sekolah dasar. Group Investigation, cooperative learning, critical thinking, Social Studies, elementary school students
Subjects:	L Education > L Education (General)
Divisions:	UPI Kampus Purwakarta > PGSD UPI Kampus Purwakarta
Depositing User:	Rangga Sunaryo Prayogo
Date Deposited:	22 Aug 2025 06:49
Last Modified:	22 Aug 2025 06:51
URI:	http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/136080

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