BLOOD DIAMOND: Perang Sipil di Sierra Leone Afrika Barat (1991-2002)

Haafiizh Hifzhul Azhiim, - (2023) BLOOD DIAMOND: Perang Sipil di Sierra Leone Afrika Barat (1991-2002). S1 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.

Abstract

Judul dari skripsi ini adalah “Blood Diamond: Perang Sipil di Sierra Leone Afrika
Barat (1991-2002)”. Secara umum penelitian ini membahas mengenai peristiwa Blood
Diamond yang terjadi di Sierra Leone pada tahun 1991-2002. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai
dalam penelitian diuraikan dalam beberapa pertanyaan, yaitu (1) Bagaimana gambaran
umum kehidupan rakyat Sierra Leone menjelang terjadinya perang sipil di Sierra Leone
tahun 1991?; (2) Bagaimana proses terjadinya perang sipil di Sierra Leone tahun 1991-
2002?; (3) Bagaimana upaya penyelesaian perang sipil di Sierra Leone tahun 1996-2002?.
Penelitian skripsi ini menggunakan metode sejarah dengan melakukan tiga langkah
penelitian, yaitu heuristik, kritik, dan historiografi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui
konflik yang terjadi di Sierra Leone merupakan warisan kolonial yang mana kepengurusan
negara berdasarkan etnisitas, selain itu kondisi kehidupan politik dan sosial-ekonomi
menjadi faktor pendorong terjadinya pemberontakan oleh kelompok Revolutionary United
Front (RUF) yang menyebabkan perang sipil terjadi. ketidakmampuan pemerintah rezim
All People’s Congress (APC) dalam mengelola berlian yang menjadi komoditas utama
pendapatan negara menyebabkan kesenjangan sosial bagi rakyat. Dalam menanggulangi
perang sipil pemerintah sierra leone dibantu oleh Civil Defense Force (CDF), serta
menggunakan jasa perusahaan militer swasta dan keterlibatan Economic Community of
African States Monitoring Group (ECOMOG), serta peran dari Perserikatan BangsaBangsa (PBB). Perang sipil di Sierra Leone berhasil diselesaikan oleh pemerintah dengan
menyepakati perjanjian perdamaian sebanyak tiga kali yaitu Abidjan Agreement (1996),
Lome Agreement (1999), dan Abuja Agreement (2000). Pada tanggal 17 Januari 2002 PBB
menyatakan proses disarmament, demobilization, dan reintegration (DDR) telah selesai
dan menjadi akhir dari perang sipil di Sierra Leone.
Kata Kunci: Revolutionary United Front, Berlian, Perang Sipil

The title of this thesis is “Blood Diamond: Civil War in Sierra Leone of West Africa
(1991-2002)”. In general, this study discusses the Blood Diamond incident that occurred
in Sierra Leone in 1991-2002. The objectives to be achieved in this research are described
in several questions, namely (1) What is the general description of the life of the people of
Sierra Leone before the civil war in Sierra Leone in 1991?; (2) What was the process of
the civil war in Sierra Leone in 1991-2002?; (3) What are the efforts to resolve the civil
war in Sierra Leone in 1996-2002? This thesis research uses the historical method by
conducting three research steps, namely heuristics, criticism, and historiography. Based
on the results of the research, it is known that the conflict that occurred in Sierra Leone is
a colonial legacy in which state management is based on ethnicity, besides that the political
and socio-economic conditions of life were the driving factors for the rebellion by the
Revolutionary United Front (RUF) group which caused a civil war to occur. the inability
of the government of the All People's Congress (APC) regime in managing diamonds which
are the main commodity of state income causes social inequality among the people. In
tackling the civil war, the Sierra Leone government was assisted by the Civil Defense Force
(CDF), as well as using the services of private military companies and the involvement of
the Economic Community of African States Monitoring Group (ECOMOG), as well as the
role of the United Nations (UN). The civil war in Sierra Leone was successfully resolved
by the government by agreeing to peace agreements three times, namely the Abidjan
Agreement (1996), the Lome Agreement (1999), and the Abuja Agreement (2000). On
January 17, 2002, the United Nations declared the process of disarmament,
demobilization, and reintegration (DDR) to be complete and marked the end of the civil
war in Sierra Leone.
Keyword: Revolutionary United Front, Diamond, Civil War

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Item Type:	Thesis (S1)
Additional Information:	https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=new_profile&hl=id&authuser=1 Sinta ID: 5992631 Sinta ID: 5992658
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Kata Kunci: Revolutionary United Front, Berlian, Perang Sipil Keyword: Revolutionary United Front, Diamond, Civil War
Subjects:	D History General and Old World > D History (General) L Education > L Education (General)
Divisions:	Fakultas Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial > Pendidikan Sejarah
Depositing User:	- Haafiizh Hifzhul Azhiim
Date Deposited:	15 Feb 2023 04:14
Last Modified:	15 Feb 2023 05:22
URI:	http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/88476

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