Hikmah, Nurul (2013) PENGARUH AGRIBISNIS HORTIKULTURA TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN PETANI :Studi Kasus Pada Kelompok Tani Di Kawasan Agropolitan Kecamatan Pacet Kabupaten Cianjur. S1 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.
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Abstract
Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh Kecamatan Pacet yang merupakan daerah potensial untuk pengembangan sayuran dan tanaman hias serta memiliki keunggulan komparatif dalam pengembangan sektor agribisnis. Permasalahan yang dihadapi di antaranya adalah maraknya alih fungsi lahan (konversi lahan) pertanian dan komoditas sayuran sering terbuang akibat menurunnya harga sayuran. Dampak permasalahan tersebut terjadinya kemiskinan pada petani. Rumusan masalah yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah: Bagaimanakah kondisi agribisnis dan; Bagaimanakah produksi hortikultura di Kawasan Agropolitan Kecamatan Pacet Kabupaten Cianjur, serta; Bagaimanakah pengaruh agribisnis hortikultura terhadap kesejahteraan petani. Tujuannya yaitu mengidentifikasi kondisi agribisnis hortikultura, dan produktivitas hortikultura di Kawasan Agropolitan Kecamatan Pacet Kabupaten Cianjur, serta pengaruh pertanian hortikultura terhadap kesejahteraan petani. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Variabel penelitian meliputi variabel bebas yaitu faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi agribisnis hortikultura di Kawasan Agropolitan dengan penjabaran indikator di antaranya adalah meliputi Input (jenis komoditi, luas lahan, tenaga kerja dan modal), Proses (tanam, pemeliharaan, dan pemberantasan hama) dan Output (pengolahan hasil pertanian, kualitas, kuantitas, harga, pemasaran dan penghasilan). Adapun variabel terikatnya adalah kesejahteraan petani. Populasi wilayah yaitu seluruh lahan agribisnis hortikultura wilayah Kecamatan Pacet dan populasi sosial yaitu tediri dari keseluruhan petani yang berjumlah 523 jiwa. Untuk sampel wilayah terpilih Desa Ciputri, Desa Cipendawa, Desa Ciherang dan Desa Sukatani sedangkan untuk sampel sosialnya adalah 83 petani. Kemudian dilakukan pengambilan data dengan menggunakan pedoman wawancara serta kunjungan ke BPBTPH. Setelah data terkumpul dilakukan sortir data yang dilanjutkan dengan analisis data. Teknik analisis data yang dilakukan adalah analisis persentase dan analisis hubungan kedua variabel dengan menggunakan Rumus Koefisien Korelasi Pearson (r). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan luas lahan garapan petani berkisar 1000-5000 m. Sedangkan untuk status kepemilikan lahan adalah sistem sewa. Petani di Kecamatan Pacet melibatkan 1-5 orang tenaga kerja dan memiliki modal awal kurang dari satu juta rupiah. Faktor proses menjelaskan bahwa petani menggunakan sistem pola tanam tumpang sari dan menggunakan semua jenis pupuk mencakup Urea, Hcl, ZA, NPK, serta pupuk kandang. Sistem pengairan lahan yang dilakukan petani adalah dengan cara sistem tadah hujan. Faktor output meliputi kerusakan hasil panen sebanyak 11-20 % dan produktivitas terbesar hortikultura di Kecamatan Pacet adalah jenis wortel dan daun bawang. Seluruh petani menjual wortel dan daun panennya pada tengkulak dan penghasilan perbulan petani kurang dari lima juta rupiah. Analisis data menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh agribisnis hortikultura terhadap kesejahteraan petani. Hasilnya yaitu terdapat pengaruh yang tidak begitu besar antara luas lahan garapan terhadap pendapatan. Sedangkan pengaruh modal awal terhadap pendapatan menunjukan penegasan sangat rendah atau lemah sekali. Serta pengaruh penghasilan tiap musim terhadap biaya hidup rumah tangga menunjukan hubungan rendah atau lemah tapi pasti. Kata Kunci : Agribisnis, Hortikultura, Kesejahteraan Petani, Kelompok Tani, dan Kawasan Agropolitan. This research is back grounded by Pacet Subdistrict being a potential area for the development of vegetables and decorative plants as well as it has comparative advantage the development of agribusiness sector. The problems faced at the agropolitant area of this Pacet Subdistrict among other things are an agricultural land functional take-over (land conversion) and vegetable commodity has been often disposed as a result of the decreased vegetable price. The impact of the problems is that the occurrence of poverty in the farmers. The formulations dealt with this research are ; How is the horticultural agribusiness condition ; How is he horticultural production ; and How the influence of the horticultural agribusiness on the farmer’s welfare in Agropolitant Area, Pacet Subdistrict, Cianjur Regency. The objective is to identify the horticultural agribusiness condition in Agropolitant Area, Pacet Subdistrict, Cianjur Regency, the horticultural productivity in Agropolitant Area, Pacet Subdistrict, Cianjur Regency, and the influence of the horticultural agribusiness on the farmer’s welfare in Agropolitant Area, Pacet Subdistrict, Cianjur Regency. The method used in this research is a descriptive one. The research variable includes independent one. The independent variables in this research are the factors influencing the horticultural agribusiness in Agropolitant Area with the indicators among of them are inputs (type of commodity, land area, manpower and capital), planting process, maintenance, and pest eliminating) and outputs (processing of agricultural outcome, quality, quantity, price, marketing and earning). As for the dependent variable is the farmer’s welfare. Furthermore, it has been conducted the determination of population with the regional population is the entire horticultural agribusiness of Pacet Subdistrict region and the social population consists of the entire the farmers of horticultural agribusiness amounting at 523 farmers. For the regional sample it has been selected Ciputri Village, Cipendawa Village, Ciherang Village Village and Sukatani Village, while for the social sample is 83 farmers. And then it has been carried out the data collecting by using an interview guide as well as a visit to the related agency. After the data have been collected it is conducted a data sorting continued with data analysis. The data analysis techniques conducted are percentage analysis and analysis of two-variable relationship by using formula Pearson Correlation Coefficient (r). The result of research shows that the area of farmer’s worked-out land is in the range of 1000-5000 m. whereas for the status of land ownership is to conduct a rent system. The farmers in Pacet Subdistrict involved 1-5 labors and have initial capital less than on million rupiahs. The process factor explains that the farmers use the overlapped-planting pattern system and use all types of fertilizers including Urea, HCl, ZA, NPK, as well as manure. The land irrigating system conducted by the farmers is by using a rain-accommodating system. The output factor includes the damage of harvested crop as many as 11-12% and the largest horticultural production in Pacet Subdistrict are the types of carrots and onion leaves. All of the farmers sell their carrots and onion leaves to the forcing buyers and the farmer’s monthly income is less than 5 million rupiahs. The data analysis shows that there is an influence of the horticultural agribusiness on the farmer’s welfare. The result is that there is a not-so-large influence of worked-out land area on the income. Whereas the influence of initial capital on the income indicates the pointing-out is very low or so weak. The influence of income seasonally on the cost of household life indicates a low or weak by certain relation. Keywords: Agribusiness, Horticultural, Farmer’s Welfare, Farmer’s Group and Agropolitant Area.
| Item Type: | Thesis (S1) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia > Fakultas Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial > Pendidikan Geografi-S1 |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial > Pendidikan Geografi-S1 |
| Depositing User: | Riki N Library ICT |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Dec 2013 07:45 |
| Last Modified: | 11 Dec 2013 07:45 |
| URI: | http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/4039 |
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