Valensia, - (2024) PEMANFAATAN KULIT BIJI MAHONI (SWIETENIA MAHAGONI) SEBAGAI SUMBER SELULOSA: Komparasi Metode Isolasi Selulosa. S1 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.
Abstract
Selulosa merupakan salah satu jenis biopolimer yang memiliki banyak diaplikasikan pada berbagai bidang seperti, bidang industri, farmasi, kosmetika, medis, dan sebagainya. Umumnya selulosa dapat ditemukan dalam berbagai ragam tanaman atau bahkan pada limbah pertanian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan karakterisasi selulosa dari kulit biji mahoni (KBM) dengan dua metode yaitu metode konvensional dan alkali-bleaching-ionic sulfite. Selulosa yang didapat diisolasi melalui tahap, delignifikasi, bleaching (pemutihan), sedangkan pada metode ionic dilakukan penambahan larutan Na2SO3. Selulosa yang dikarakterisasi dengan instrumen FTIR, XRD, TGA, dan SEM. Rendemen yang dihasilkan dari metode konvensional sebesar 35,28%, dan metode ionic sebesar 47,53%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis FTIR dapat diketahui kandungan lignin sudah berkurang pada selulosa KBM yang diisolasi dengan kedua metode. Hal ini didukung pula dengan perhitungan lignoselulosa menggunakan metode Chesson-Datta yang mana besar lignin dari ketiga sampel (KBM, selulosa KBM konvensional, dan KBM ionic) berturut-turut 30,17%; 0,95%; dan 1,6%. Hasil analisis XRD menunjukkan selulosa dari kedua metode konvensional dan ionic memiliki struktur polimorf selulosa I dan memiliki struktur alomorf Iα yang dominan. Pada selulosa hasil metode konvensional memiliki ukuran kristalit 3,42 nm dengan indeks kristalinitas sebesar 58,98%, sedangkan selulosa hasil metode ionic memiliki ukuran kristalit 12,62 nm dengan indeks kristalinitas sebesar 62,29%. Cellulose is one type of biopolymer that has many applications in various fields, such as industrial, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, medical, and so on. Generally, cellulose can be found in a variety of plants or even in agricultural waste. This study aims to isolate and characterize cellulose from mahogany seed coat (KBM) by two methods, namely conventional and alkali-bleaching-ionic sulfite methods. Cellulose obtained was isolated through stages of delignification and bleaching, while in the ionic method, Na2SO3 solution was added. The cellulose was characterized by FTIR, XRD, TGA, and SEM instruments. The resulting yield from the conventional method was 35.28%, and the ionic method was 47.53%. Based on the results of FTIR analysis, it can be seen that the lignin content has been reduced in KBM cellulose isolated by both methods. This is also supported by the calculation of lignocellulose using the Chesson-Datta method, where the amount of lignin from the three samples (KBM, conventional KBM cellulose, and ionic KBM) is 30.17%, 0.95%, and 1.6%, respectively. The results of XRD analysis show that cellulose from both conventional and ionic methods has a cellulose I polymorph structure and a dominant Iα allomorph structure. The cellulose from the conventional method has a crystallite size of 3.42 nm with a crystallinity index of 58.98%, while the cellulose from the ionic method has a crystallite size of 12.62 nm with a crystallinity index of 62.29%.
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| Item Type: | Thesis (S1) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=list_works&hl=id&user=DtdOTjMAAAAJ ID SINTA Pembimbing: Budiman Anwar: 5978128 Iqbal Musthapa: 5979687 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Selulosa, kulit biji mahoni, ionic, konvensional, polimorf selulosa Cellulose, mahogany seed coat, ionic, conventional, cellulose polymorphs |
| Subjects: | L Education > L Education (General) Q Science > QD Chemistry |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pendidikan Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam > Program Studi Kimia - S1 > Program Studi Kimia (non kependidikan) |
| Depositing User: | Valensia |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Sep 2024 06:34 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Sep 2024 06:34 |
| URI: | http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/125103 |
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