ISOLASI DAN KARAKTERISTISASI SELULOSA DARI LIMBAH KULIT SALAK

Hardian Ari Yoga Putra, - (2021) ISOLASI DAN KARAKTERISTISASI SELULOSA DARI LIMBAH KULIT SALAK. S1 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Selulosa, yang merupakan polimer alam, memenuhi kriteria sebagai pengganti material berbasis petrokimia yang sumbernya tidak terbarukan, tidak berkelanjutan, dan limbahnya yang mencemari lingkungan. Salak adalah tanaman asli Indonesia, termasuk famili palmae serumpun dengan kelapa, kelapa sawit, aren (enau), palem, yang bercabang rendah dan tegak. Data Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia menghasilkan sekitar 896.504 ton buah salak. Massa kulit salak sekitar 10-14% dari massa buah salak, sehingga dihasilkan limbah kulit salak sekitar 89.650 ton/tahun. Limbah kulit salak yang melimpah ini memiliki potensi sumber selulosa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengkarakterisasi selulosa dari limbah kulit salak. Proses isolasi selulosa dari limbah kulit salak meliputi beberapa tahap, yaitu penghilangan senyawa polifenol, penghilangan senyawa pektin, serta penghilangan senyawa hemiselulosa dan lignin. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah 9 gram selulosa per 60 gram serbuk kulit salak. Dari hasil analisis menggunakan FTIR diketahui bahwa selulosa telah berhasil diisolasi. Analisis XRD menunjukkan bahwa selulosa yang diperoleh mempunyai struktur polimorf selulosa I dengan derajat kristalinitas 43,59% dan ukuran kristalit 2,06 nm pada bidang kristalografi (1\bar{1}0) dan 2,2 nm pada bidang kristalografi (200). Kata kunci : Salak, limbah kulit salak, selulosa, material, karakteristik selulosa ABSTRACT Cellulose, which is a natural polymer, meets the criteria as a substitute for petrochemical-based materials whose sources are non-renewable, unsustainable and their waste pollutes the environment. Snake fruit is a native plant of Indonesia, including the palmae family cognate with coconut, oil palm, palm (palm), which have low and upright branches. Data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) shows that Indonesia produces around 896,504 tons of snake fruit. The mass of snake fruit peel waste is about 10-14% of the mass of the fruit, so that the waste of the snake fruit peel waste is about 89,650 tons/year. This abundant snake fruit peel waste has a potential source of cellulose. This study aims to isolate and characterize cellulose from snake fruit peel waste. The process of isolating cellulose from snake fruit peel waste includes several stages, namely the removal of polyphenol compounds, the removal of pectin compounds, and the removal of hemicellulose and lignin compounds. The results obtained were 9 grams of cellulose per 60 grams of snake fruit peel powder. From the results of the analysis using FTIR, it is known that cellulose has been isolated. XRD analysis showed that the cellulose obtained had a polymorphic structure of cellulose I with a crystallinity degree of 43.59% and a crystallite size was 2.06 nm in the crystallographic plane (1\bar{1}0) and 2.2 nm in the crystallographic plane (200). Keywords : Snake fruit, snake fruit peel waste, cellulose, material, cellulose characteristic

Item Type:	Thesis (S1)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Salak, limbah kulit salak, selulosa, material, karakteristik selulosa
Subjects:	Q Science > Q Science (General) Q Science > QD Chemistry
Divisions:	Fakultas Pendidikan Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam > Jurusan Pendidikan Kimia > Program Studi Kimia (non kependidikan)
Depositing User:	Hardian Ari Yoga Putra
Date Deposited:	13 Oct 2021 02:36
Last Modified:	13 Oct 2021 02:36
URI:	http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/68077

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