PENGEMBANGAN KOMPETENSI SIKAP BERBASIS KARAKTER ‘EMPAT SALAM’ MELALUI PENDEKATAN PEMBIASAAN DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPAS

Dua, Fidelis (2025) PENGEMBANGAN KOMPETENSI SIKAP BERBASIS KARAKTER ‘EMPAT SALAM’ MELALUI PENDEKATAN PEMBIASAAN DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPAS. S2 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.

Abstract

Pengembangan kompetensi sikap berbasis karakter 'Empat Salam' melalui pendekatan pembiasaan dalam pembelajaran IPAS dilatarbelakangi oleh kebutuhan mendesak untuk memperkuat pendidikan karakter di sekolah dasar secara sistematis dan kontekstual. Krisis moral yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya perilaku menyimpang, menurunnya toleransi, serta melemahnya rasa cinta tanah air menggarisbawahi pentingnya penguatan kompetensi sikap secara terarah dan terintegrasi dalam kurikulum agar lebih terstruktur dan bermakna. Kurikulum yang berlaku belum sepenuhnya mampu menjawab kebutuhan tersebut karena masih terbatasnya model pembelajaran karakter yang dirancang secara eksplisit, termasuk pada mata pelajaran IPAS yang sejatinya memiliki potensi besar dalam membentuk nilai dan sikap peserta didik melalui pendekatan pembiasaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyusun desain pengembangan kompetensi sikap berbasis karakter ‘Empat Salam’ melalui pendekatan pembiasaan dalam pembelajaran IPAS. Karakter ‘Empat Salam’ mencakup empat dimensi hubungan utama manusia, yaitu: Salam kepada Tuhan, Salam kepada Sesama, Salam kepada Lingkungan, dan Salam kepada Negara. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah Mixed Method dengan model Sequential Explanatory, yang terdiri atas dua tahap utama, yaitu pengumpulan dan analisis data kuantitatif, diikuti pengumpulan dan analisis data kualitatif untuk memperdalam dan mengelaborasi hasil temuan kuantitatif. Tahapan penelitian mencakup analisis kebutuhan, penyusunan desain pengembangan, validasi oleh para ahli, revisi produk, uji coba terbatas, serta penyempurnaan desain. Desain dikembangkan berdasarkan model Character Education Partnership (CEP) yang meliputi: penetapan nilai inti, integrasi nilai dalam kurikulum, penetapan pendekatan pedagogis, serta pengembangan sistem penilaian sikap. Subjek penelitian melibatkan 100 guru dan 100 peserta didik di 50 Sekolah Dasar Sanpukat Keuskupan Maumere. Teknik pengumpulan data mencakup kuesioner, wawancara, observasi, studi dokumen, dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD), dengan analisis data kuantitatif menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan analisis kualitatif melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil validasi dari para ahli menunjukkan bahwa desain memenuhi kriteria kelayakan isi, konstruksi, dan kesesuaian untuk diterapkan dalam konteks pembelajaran. Uji coba terbatas menunjukkan bahwa desain ini layak digunakan dan efektif dalam meningkatkan kompetensi sikap spiritual, sosial, ekologis, dan nasionalis peserta didik. Dengan demikian, desain pengembangan kompetensi sikap berbasis karakter 'Empat Salam' melalui pendekatan pembiasaan dalam pembelajaran IPAS dapat menjadi alternatif strategis dalam penguatan pendidikan karakter yang lebih terstruktur, kontekstual, dan terintegrasi dalam kurikulum Sekolah Dasar. Kata kunci: kompetensi sikap, karakter ‘empat salam’, pendekatan pembiasaan, pembelajaran IPAS, character education partnership. The development of character-based attitude competencies 'Four Salam' through the habituation approach in IPAS learning is motivated by the urgent need to strengthen character education in elementary schools systematically and contextually. The moral crisis characterized by an increase in deviant behavior, a decrease in tolerance, and a weakening sense of love for the homeland underscores the importance of strengthening attitude competencies in a targeted and integrated manner in the curriculum to be more structured and meaningful. The current curriculum has not been fully able to answer these needs because there are still limited character learning models that are explicitly designed, including in science studies subjects which actually have great potential in shaping students' values and attitudes through a habituation approach. This study aims to develop a design for the development of character-based attitude competencies 'Four Salam' through a habituation approach in learning science. The character of the 'Four Salutes' includes four main dimensions of human relationships, namely: Greetings to God, Greetings to Others, Greetings to the Environment, and Greetings to the State. The approach used is Mixed Method with the Sequential Explanatory model, which consists of two main stages, namely quantitative data collection and analysis, followed by qualitative data collection and analysis to deepen and elaborate quantitative findings. The research stages include needs analysis, development design preparation, validation by experts, product revision, limited trials, and design refinement. The design was developed based on the Character Education Partnership (CEP) model which includes: the determination of core values, the integration of values in the curriculum, the determination of pedagogical approaches, and the development of an attitude assessment system. The research subjects involved 100 teachers and 100 students in 50 Sanpukat Elementary Schools in the Diocese of Maumere. Data collection techniques include questionnaires, interviews, observations, document studies, and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), with quantitative data analysis using descriptive statistics and qualitative analysis through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The validation results from the experts show that the design meets the criteria of content, construction, and suitability to be applied in the context of learning. Limited trials show that this design is feasible and effective in improving the competence of students' spiritual, social, ecological, and nationalist attitudes. Thus, the design of character-based attitude competency development 'Four Salam' through the habituation approach in IPAS learning can be a strategic alternative in strengthening character education that is more structured, contextual, and integrated in the elementary school curriculum. Keywords: attitude competence, character 'four greetings', habituation approach, IPAS learning, character education partnership.

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Item Type:	Thesis (S2)
Additional Information:	ID Sinta Dosen Pembimbing Riche Cynthia Johan 5977502
Uncontrolled Keywords:	kompetensi sikap, karakter ‘empat salam’, pendekatan pembiasaan, pembelajaran IPAS, character education partnership attitude competence, character 'four greetings', habituation approach, IPAS learning, character education partnership
Subjects:	L Education > L Education (General) Q Science > Q Science (General)
Divisions:	Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan > Pengembangan Kurikulum-S2
Depositing User:	Fidelis Dua
Date Deposited:	17 Sep 2025 03:27
Last Modified:	17 Sep 2025 03:27
URI:	http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/139549

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