KORELASI ANTARA DISTURBANCE STORM TIME INDEX (INDEKS DST) DAN VERTICAL TOTAL ELECTRON CONTENT (VTEC) DI KOTA PONTIANAK PADA PUNCAK SIKLUS MATAHARI KE-25 TAHUN 2024

    Veranica, - and Nanang Dwi Ardi, - and Judhistira Aria Utama, - (2025) KORELASI ANTARA DISTURBANCE STORM TIME INDEX (INDEKS DST) DAN VERTICAL TOTAL ELECTRON CONTENT (VTEC) DI KOTA PONTIANAK PADA PUNCAK SIKLUS MATAHARI KE-25 TAHUN 2024. S1 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.

    Abstract

    Badai geomagnetik ekstrem pada 11 Mei 2024 dengan intensitas mencapai -412 nT, menyebabkan gangguan sistem komunikasi, navigasi satelit, aurora di lintang rendah, serta disrupsi operasional satelit dan pergeseran orbit. Peristiwa ini berpontensi mempengaruhi kondisi ionosfer, terutama di wilayah ekuator seperti kota Pontianak yang terletak tepat di garis khatulistiwa dan berada dalam zona ekuator magnetik yang membuatnya sangat responsif terhadap aktivitas matahari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis korelasi antara badai geomagnetik yang diwakili oleh Indeks Dst dan variabilitas ionosfer yang diwakili oleh VTEC, serta mengkaji hubungan antara parameter angin surya (komponen BZ, densitas dan temperatur proton, serta kecepatan plasma) dan aktivitas matahari (CME dan flare sinar-X) terhadap dinamika Dst selama Mei 2024, bertepatan dengan puncak siklus matahari ke-25. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan metode Wavelet Coherence dan Spearman sliding Window. Hasil menunjukkan korelasi sangat kuat antara Dst dan VTEC sebesar -0,91. Selain itu, ditemukan korelasi signifikan antara Dst dengan komponen BZ sebesar +0,75, temperatur proton sebesar -0,58, densitas proton sebesar -0,80, dan kecepatan plasma sebesar -0,85. Korelasi mulai terbentuk sejak beberapa hari sebelum puncak badai dan berlanjut hingga beberapa hari setelahnya. Gangguan geomagnetik ini dipicu oleh tujuh CME tipe halo berkecepatan tinggi dan kemunculan flare sinar-X kelas X yang terjadi secara berturut-turut sejak tiga hari sebelumnya. Hasil ini menegaskan bahwa badai geomagnetik yang dipicu oleh parameter angin surya dan aktivitas matahari memiliki pengaruh langsung terhadap dinamika VTEC di wilayah ekuator seperti Pontianak. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa pemantauan berkelanjutan terhadap kondisi geomagnetik dan ionosfer sangat penting, terutama selama puncak aktivitas matahari. An extreme geomagnetic storm on May 11, 2024 with intensity reaching -412 nT, causing disruption of communication systems, satellite navigation, low-latitude aurora, as well as disruption of satellite operations and orbit shifts. This event has the potential to affect ionospheric conditions, especially in equatorial regions such as Pontianak city which is located right on the equator and is in the magnetic equatorial zone which makes it very responsive to solar activity. This study aims to analyze the correlation between geomagnetic storms represented by the Dst Index and ionospheric variability represented by VTEC, as well as examine the relationship between solar wind parameters (BZ component, proton density and temperature, and plasma velocity) and solar activity (CME and X-ray flares) to Dst dynamics during May 2024, coinciding with the peak of the 25th solar cycle. The analysis was performed using Wavelet Coherence and Spearman sliding Window methods. The results show a very strong correlation between Dst and VTEC of -0.91. In addition, a significant correlation was found between Dst and the BZ component of +0.75, proton temperature of -0.58, proton density of -0.80, and plasma velocity of -0.85. The correlation began to form several days before the peak of the storm and continued until several days afterwards. This geomagnetic disturbance was triggered by seven high-speed halo-type CMEs and the appearance of X-class X-ray flares that occurred consecutively since the previous three days. These results confirm that geomagnetic storms triggered by solar wind parameters and solar activity have a direct influence on VTEC dynamics in equatorial regions such as Pontianak. These findings suggest that continuous monitoring of geomagnetic and ionospheric conditions is essential, especially during peak solar activity.

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    Official URL: https://repository.upi.edu/
    Item Type: Thesis (S1)
    Additional Information: ID SINTA Dosen Pembimbing: Nanang Dwi Ardi : 257201 Jushistira Aria Utama : 6125861
    Uncontrolled Keywords: Badai Geomagnetik, Ionosfer, Angin Surya, Pontianak, Aktivitas matahari Geomagnetic Storm, Ionosphere, Solar Wind, Pontianak, Solar activity
    Subjects: L Education > L Education (General)
    Q Science > QC Physics
    Divisions: Fakultas Pendidikan Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam > Program Studi Fisika - S1 > Program Studi Fisika (non kependidikan)
    Depositing User: Veranica
    Date Deposited: 09 Sep 2025 10:47
    Last Modified: 09 Sep 2025 10:47
    URI: http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/138237

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