VIRULENSI JAMUR Metarhizium, Beauveria, Aspergillus, DAN Penicillium SEBAGAI ENTOMOPATOGEN TERHADAP RAYAP TANAH (Macrotermes gilvus Hagen)

    Dendu Noutera Pramayuditya Harnieyane, - and Peristiwati, - and Any Aryani, - (2025) VIRULENSI JAMUR Metarhizium, Beauveria, Aspergillus, DAN Penicillium SEBAGAI ENTOMOPATOGEN TERHADAP RAYAP TANAH (Macrotermes gilvus Hagen). S1 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.

    Abstract

    Indonesia sebagai negara tropis memiliki kondisi yang mendukung kehidupan rayap, termasuk rayap tanah Macrotermes gilvus yang dikenal sebagai perusak kayu dengan dampak kerugian ekonomi yang besar. Penggunaan pestisida kimia sebagai metode pengendalian menimbulkan risiko resistensi dan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis virulensi jamur Metarhizium sp., Beauveria sp., Aspergillus sp., dan Penicillium sp. terhadap rayap M. gilvus, serta konsentrasi optimal inokulum, mekanisme penyebaran infeksi koloni, dan gejala mikosis rayap. Uji termisida dan uji transmisi horizontal digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa seluruh isolat jamur mampu menyebabkan mortalitas rayap dan penyusutan berat kayu, dengan Beauveria sp. pada konsentrasi 10⁸ konidia/ml perlakuan paling optimal. Peningkatan konsentrasi jamur berbanding lurus dengan mortalitas dan berbanding terbalik dengan penyusutan kayu. Infeksi dapat menyebar melalui transmisi horizontal, dipengaruhi oleh rasio rayap terinfeksi. Gejala mikosis ditandai oleh pertumbuhan hifa putih pada tubuh rayap. Analisis preferensi kayu menunjukkan kayu suren paling disukai rayap M. gilvus, ditunjukkan oleh tingkat penyusutan tertinggi. Kesimpulannya, jamur entomopatogen, khususnya Beauveria sp., berpotensi sebagai agen biokontrol pengendalian rayap M. gilvus secara ramah lingkungan. Indonesia as a tropical country, provides favorable conditions for termite development, including the subterranean termite Macrotermes gilvus, which is known as a wood-destroying species with significant economic impact. The use of chemical pesticides as a control method poses risks of resistance and adverse environmental effects. This study aims to analyze the virulence of Metarhizium sp., Beauveria sp., Aspergillus sp., and Penicillium sp. against M. gilvus, as well as to determine the optimal inoculum concentration, infection transmission mechanisms within the colony, and symptoms of mycosis in termites. Termiticidal and horizontal transmission assays were conducted. Results showed that all fungal isolates induced termite mortality and wood weight loss, with Beauveria sp. at a concentration of 10⁸ conidia/ml being the most effective. Increased fungal concentration correlated positively with termite mortality and negatively with wood consumption. Infection was transmissible through horizontal contact, influenced by the proportion of infected termites. Mycosis symptoms were characterized by white hyphal growth on the termite body. Wood preference analysis indicated that suren wood was most preferred by M. gilvus, evidenced by the highest weight loss. In conclusion, entomopathogenic fungi, especially Beauveria sp., show strong potential as environmentally friendly biocontrol agents against M. gilvus.

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    Official URL: https://repository.upi.edu/
    Item Type: Thesis (S1)
    Additional Information: https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=new_articles&hl=en&imq=Dendu+Noutera+P.+Harnieyane&authuser=2# ID SINTA Dosen Pembimbing: Peristiwati: 6146081 Any Aryani: 6038233
    Uncontrolled Keywords: Macrotermes gilvus, jamur entomopatogen, mortalitas rayap, transmisi horizontal. Macrotermes gilvus, entomopathogenic fungi, termite mortality, horizontal transmission.
    Subjects: Q Science > Q Science (General)
    Q Science > QL Zoology
    Q Science > QR Microbiology
    Divisions: Fakultas Pendidikan Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam > Program Studi Biologi - S1 > Program Studi Biologi (non kependidikan)
    Depositing User: Dendu Noutera Pramayuditya Harnieyane
    Date Deposited: 12 Aug 2025 04:06
    Last Modified: 12 Aug 2025 04:06
    URI: http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/135363

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