PENGARUH INTERAKSI ENSO DAN IOD TERHADAP VARIABILITAS MUKA AIR LAUT DI INDONESIA

Yiyi Muhidin Sarip Hamdani, - and Ayang Armelita Rosalia, S.Pi., M.Si., - and Ir. Suaydhi, M.Sc., - (2025) PENGARUH INTERAKSI ENSO DAN IOD TERHADAP VARIABILITAS MUKA AIR LAUT DI INDONESIA. S1 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.

Abstract

Indonesia yang terletak di kawasan Indonesia Maritime Continent (IMC), merupakan wilayah yang rentan terhadap dampak pemanasan global, yang mengakibatkan perubahan signifikan pada kondisi atmosfer dan laut. Fenomena iklim seperti ENSO dan IOD memainkan peran penting dalam variabilitas cuaca di wilayah ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji hubungan tinggi muka laut dengan kejadian ENSO dan IOD, serta penyebaran perubahan muka laut di Indonesia selama 2009–2018. Metode yang digunakan melibatkan analisis deret waktu berbasis korelasi dan statistik, serta visualisasi spasial-temporal untuk memahami interaksi kedua fenomena tersebut. Data yang dianalisis mencakup parameter oseanografi, atmosfer, serta indeks iklim SOI dan DMI. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa fase La Niña–IOD negatif (2010–2011) meningkatkan tinggi muka laut (>1,05 m) dan curah hujan (>300 mm/bulan) akibat akumulasi massa air hangat (26°C) di perairan barat dan tengah, didukung angin timuran (>6 m/s) serta menurunkan tekanan permukaan (<1012 hPa). Sebaliknya, fase El Niño kuat–IOD positif (2015–2016) menurunkan tinggi muka laut (<0,90 m), mengurangi curah hujan (<50 mm), meningkatkan tekanan permukaan (1012–1016 hPa), serta memperkuat angin tenggara kering (8–12 m/s), yang menyebabkan pergeseran massa air ke Samudra Hindia dan Pasifik timur. Korelasi tinggi muka laut dengan SOI positif (r = 0,606; R² = 0,367; p < 0,01), sementara dengan DMI negatif (r = –0,305; R² = 0,093; p < 0,01). Selain itu, analisis korelasi silang menunjukkan bahwa perubahan muka laut berlangsung bertahap dalam 7–27 hari melalui arus lintas Indonesia. Indonesia located in the Indonesia Maritime Continent (IMC) region, is vulnerable to the impacts of global warming, resulting in significant changes to atmospheric and oceanic conditions. Climate phenomena such as ENSO and IOD play an important role in weather variability in this region. This study aims to assess the relationship of sea level with ENSO and IOD events, as well as the distribution of sea level changes in Indonesia during 2009-2018. The methods used involved correlation-based time series analysis and statistics, as well as spatial-temporal visualization to understand the interaction of the two phenomena. The data analyzed included oceanographic and atmospheric parameters, as well as the SOI and DMI climate indices. Results show that the negative La Niña-IOD phase (2010-2011) increased sea level (>1.05 m) and rainfall (>300 mm/month) due to the accumulation of warm water masses (26°C) in western and central waters, supported by easterly winds (>6 m/s) and lower surface pressure (<1012 hPa). In contrast, the strong El Niño-Positive IOD phase (2015-2016) lowered sea level (<0.90 m), reduced rainfall (<50 mm), increased surface pressure (1012-1016 hPa), and strengthened dry southeast winds (8-12 m/s), leading to water mass shifts to the Indian Ocean and eastern Pacific. The correlation of sea level with SOI was positive (r = 0.606; R² = 0.367; p < 0.01), while that with DMI was negative (r = -0.305; R² = 0.093; p < 0.01). In addition, cross-correlation analysis shows that sea level changes take place gradually within 7-27 days through the cross-Indonesian current.

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Item Type:	Thesis (S1)
Additional Information:	https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=pc-jTr8AAAAJ&hl=id ID SINTA DOSEN PEMBIMBING AYANG ARMELITA ROSALIA: 6721849 SUAYDHI: https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=id&user=A2AWgrwAAAAJ
Uncontrolled Keywords:	El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), Kenaikan Muka Air Laut, Perairan Indonesia Variabilitas El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), Indonesian Waters, Sea Level Rise, Variability
Subjects:	G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GC Oceanography G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences H Social Sciences > HA Statistics Q Science > Q Science (General) Q Science > QE Geology Q Science > QH Natural history
Divisions:	UPI Kampus Serang > S1 Sistem Informasi Kelautan
Depositing User:	Yiyi Muhidin Sarip Hamdani
Date Deposited:	08 Sep 2025 04:36
Last Modified:	08 Sep 2025 04:36
URI:	http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/135028

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