PENGARUH AKTIVITAS FISIK TERHADAP FUNGSI KOGNITIF PADA ANAK AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER (ASD)

Early Maulida Imanika, - and Afianti Sulastri, - and Septian Andriyani, - (2025) PENGARUH AKTIVITAS FISIK TERHADAP FUNGSI KOGNITIF PADA ANAK AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER (ASD). S1 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) merupakan gangguan perkembangan syaraf yang memengaruhi perkembangan otak, sehingga menyebabkan kesulitan dalam komunikasi sosial, interaksi interpersonal, serta munculnya pola perilaku terbatas dan berulang. Salah satu aspek penting dari fungsi eksekutif adalah kemampuan kognitif, yang berperan dalam aktivitas sehari-hari seperti memahami instruksi, menyelesaikan tugas, serta beradaptasi terhadap perubahan lingkungan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh manfaat terkait aktivitas fisik terhadap peningkatan fungsi kognitif pada anak dengan ASD. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini melibatkan 22 orang anak autisme yang terdaftar di Yayasan dan Sekolah di Kota Bandung terdiri dari 16 orang laki-laki dan 6 orang perempuan, menggunakan pre eskperimental desain dengan one-group pretest posttest, sampel diambil secara total sampling. Penilaian fungsi kognitif diukur dengan menggunakan Trail Making Test A dan B. Hasil dan Pembahasan: Hasil temuan menunjukkan bahwa intervensi aktivitas fisik memberikan dampak signifikan terhadap peningkatan fungsi kognitif pada anak dengan Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Berdasarkan uji Wilcoxon, terdapat peningkatan signifikan pada skor Trail Making Test (TMT) A (p < 0,001) dan TMT B (p = 0,03), yang mengindikasikan adanya peningkatan dalam fungsi kognitif, mayoritas subjek dalam penelitian ini termasuk dalam kategori autisme ringan, sehingga hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa anak dengan tingkat keparahan sedang dan berat pun dapat menunjukkan respons positif terhadap intervensi aktivitas fisik. Meskipun secara statistik hasil tidak menunjukkan signifikansi, akan tetapi secara klinis ada perubahan namun tidak terlalu mencolok secara grafik. Simpulan: Terdapat pengaruh antara aktivitas fisik terhadap fungsi kognitif pada anak Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects brain development, causing difficulties in social communication, interpersonal interaction, and the emergence of restricted and repetitive behavior patterns. One important aspect of executive function is cognitive ability, which plays a role in daily activities such as understanding instructions, completing tasks, and adapting to environmental changes. Objective: This study aims to obtain the benefits related to physical activity on improving cognitive function in children with ASD. Research Method: This study involved 22 autistic children registered at Foundations and Schools in Bandung City consisting of 16 boys and 6 girls, using a pre-experimental design with one-group pretest posttest, samples were taken by total sampling. Cognitive function assessment was measured using Trail Making Test A and B. Results and Discussion: The findings indicate that physical activity intervention has a significant impact on improving cognitive function in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Based on the Wilcoxon test, there was a significant increase in the Trail Making Test (TMT) A score (p <0.001) and TMT B (p = 0.03), which indicated an increase in cognitive function, the majority of subjects in this study were included in the mild autism category, so these results indicate that children with moderate and severe severity can also show a positive response to physical activity interventions. Although statistically the results did not show significance, clinically there was a change but it was not too striking graphically. Conclusion: There is an influence between physical activity and cognitive function in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).

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Item Type:	Thesis (S1)
Additional Information:	https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=89hsVg4AAAAJ&hl=id ID SINTA Dosen Pembimbing: Afianti Sulastri: 5994273 Septian Andriyani: 6088520
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Autism Spectrum Disorder, Fungsi Eksekutif, Kognitif, Trail Making Test Autism Spectrum Disorder, Cognitive, Executive Function, Trail Making Test
Subjects:	L Education > L Education (General) L Education > LB Theory and practice of education L Education > LC Special aspects of education
Divisions:	Fakultas Pendidikan Olahraga dan Kesehatan > S1 Keperawatan
Depositing User:	Early Maulida Imanika
Date Deposited:	22 Jul 2025 04:24
Last Modified:	22 Jul 2025 04:24
URI:	http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/134651

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