PENGARUH CHAIN EXTENDER TERHADAP PERFORMA BIOPLASTIK POLY(BUTYLENE ADIPATE-CO-TEREPHTHALATE) (PBAT) DAN PATI TERMOPLASTIK

Putri Ayu Lestari, - (2024) PENGARUH CHAIN EXTENDER TERHADAP PERFORMA BIOPLASTIK POLY(BUTYLENE ADIPATE-CO-TEREPHTHALATE) (PBAT) DAN PATI TERMOPLASTIK. S1 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Bioplastik merupakan alternatif pengganti kemasan polimer sintetis yang ramah lingkungan, bersifat biodegradable, dan terbuat dari bahan alam, salah satunya adalah pati singkong. Thermoplastic starch (TPS) memiliki sifat mekanik yang buruk, sehingga perlu dicampur dengan polimer terdegradasi lain, seperti poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT). Namun, TPS dan PBAT tidak tercampur secara baik, maka dari itu pemanjang rantai (chain extender) perlu ditambahkan. Dalam penelitian ini, pemanjang rantai 4,4’-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) digunakan sebagai compatibilizer untuk meningkatkan performa bioplastik TPS/PBAT. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh chain extender terhadap karakteristik dan kemampuan degradasi bioplastik TPS/PBAT-MDI. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pencampuran leleh antara pati singkong, gliserol, PBAT, dan MDI, kemudian pencetakan injeksi dan tekan, serta karakterisasi. Pengaruh kandungan MDI terhadap bioplastik diselidiki melalui pengujian sifat mekanik, karakterisasi Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Thermal Gravimetry Analysis (TGA), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), dan uji biodegradasi. Penambahan 2% MDI dan 1,5% MDI menunjukkan performa terbaik dalam kekuatan dan elastisitas dengan nilai kuat tarik berturut-turut 17,71 MPa dan 17,33 MPa serta perpanjangan putus 623,65% dan 516,34%. Hasil analisis SEM memperlihatkan bahwa permukaan bioplastik tanpa MDI terdapat retakan dan sedikit gumpalan, sedangkan bioplastik dengan MDI permukaannya lebih halus, homogen, tidak ada aglomerasi, serta adanya pori-pori kecil yang terdistribusi merata. Hasil TGA menunjukkan stabilitas termal yang kurang memadai. Hasil FTIR mengkonfirmasi adanya gugus O-H, -CH, -NCO, dan C=O. Hasil uji biodegradasi selama 21 hari, menunjukkan nilai optimum pada penambahan 1,5% MDI sebesar 4,72% dibandingkan dengan 0% MDI yang hanya 3,27%. Berdasarkan hasil karakterisasi, penambahan chain extender dapat meningkatkan performa bioplastik TPS/PBAT-MDI. Kata kunci: bioplastik, chain extender, pati termoplastik ABSTRACT Bioplastics serve as a viable substitute for synthetic polymer packaging, characterised by their eco-friendliness, biodegradability, and utilisation of natural resources, like cassava starch. To address the inadequate mechanical characteristics of thermoplastic starch (TPS), it is necessary to combine it with another biodegradable polymer, such poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT). Nevertheless, the combination of TPS and PBAT is not compatible, so more chain extenders must be included. The present work employed 4,4’-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) chain extender as a compatibilizer to enhance the performance of TPS/PBAT bioplastics. The objective of this work was to investigate the impact of a chain extender on the properties and flowability of TPS/PBAT-MDI bioplastics. The research methodology employed involved the integration of cassava starch, glycerol, PBAT, and MDI by melt mixing, followed by injection and press moulding, and finally characterisation. This study examined the impact of MDI concentration on bioplastics using several analytical techniques including mechanical properties testing, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) characterisation, Thermal Gravimetry Analysis (TGA), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and biodegradation. The incorporation of 2% MDI and 1,5% MDI resulted in the highest strength and elasticity profiles, with tensile strength values of 17,71 MPa and 17,33 MPa, and elongation at break values of 623,65% and 516,34%, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) study reveals that bioplastics lacking MDI exhibit cracks and a few clumps on their surface. In contrast, bioplastics with MDI have a smoother and more uniform surface, without any agglomeration and consisting of equally distributed tiny pores. Results from TGA indicate inadequate thermal stability. FTIR analysis verified the existence of O-H, -CH, -NCO, and C=O functional groups. The biodegradation tests conducted over a period of 21 days revealed an optimal figure of 4.72% when 1.5% MDI was added, whereas the corresponding value for 0% MDI was 3.27%. Results from characterisation indicate that including a chain extender can enhance the performance of TPS/PBAT-MDI bioplastics. Keywords: bioplastics, chain extender, thermoplastic starch

Item Type: Thesis (S1)
Additional Information: https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=new_profile&hl=en ID SINTA Dosen Pembimbing: GALUH YULIANI: 5975260
Uncontrolled Keywords: Bioplastik, chain extender, pati termoplastik Bioplastics, chain extender, thermoplastic starch
Subjects: Q Science > QD Chemistry
Divisions: Fakultas Pendidikan Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam > Jurusan Pendidikan Kimia > Program Studi Kimia (non kependidikan)
Depositing User: PUTRI AYU LESTARI
Date Deposited: 22 Sep 2024 07:17
Last Modified: 22 Sep 2024 07:17
URI: http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/125465

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