PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INVESTIGASI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODUL PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA DI SEKOLAH DASAR

Djadjuri, Djadja (2013) PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INVESTIGASI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODUL PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA DI SEKOLAH DASAR. S2 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.

Abstract

Proses pembelajaran yang terjadi di sekolah dasar, khususnya dalam mata
pelajaran IPA, terlalu ditekankan pada proses menghafalkan materi pelajaran, yang
bersumber daribukupaket. Proses pembelajaran seperti itu sangat tidak sesuai dengan
hakikat IPA sebagai proses. Melalui action research di Kl. V SD Negeri KPAD Gegerkalong, penelitian ini
diarahkan pada peningkatan kualitas proses pembelajaran melalui proses investigasi
dengan memberi kesempatan kepada siswa untuk aktif mencari dan menemukan
sendiri fokta, konsep, dan prinsip. Pertanyaan penelitian tertuju pada prosedur
pembelajaran model investigasi dengan menggunakan modul, bentuk modul yang
digunakan, kegiatan belajar siswa, bentuk bimbingan guru, bentuk evaluasi, dan hasil
belajar. Berdasarkan hasil survey pendahuluan dan dengan mengacu pada salah satu
teori investigasi dalam mata pelajaran IPA serta teori pembelajaran lain, pola
pembelajaran yang dikembangkan meliputi kegiatan pendahuluan, kegiatan inti, dan
kegiatan penutup. Modul berisi tujuan, kegiatanbelajar, dan evaluasi; yang terdiri dari
lembar petunjuk guru, lembar kegiatan siswa, lembar kerja siswa, lembar pertanyaan
pemantapan, dan lembar soal tes. Kegiatan belajar siswa meliputi pengerjaan tes awal,
pengungkapan pengalaman lampau yang terkait dengan bahan baru, praktek
percobaan, diskusi, merangkumkan materi pelajaran, dan pengerjaan tes akhir.
Bimbingan guru dilakukan secara klasikal, kelompok dan individual pada saat siswa
melakukan praktek percobaan, diskusi, dan merangkum materi pelajaran. Evaluasi
sesuai dengan hakikat IPA dilakukan terhadap proses dan hasil belajar. Hasil belajar
berupapengetahuan, pemahaman, aplikasi, keterampilan dan sikap.
—• Dari pengembangan model ditemukan beberapa prinsip pembelajaran yaitu
berpusat pada aktivitas belajar siswa, belajar melalui pengalaman langsung, balikan
dan penguatan dengan segera, dan penggunaan lingkungan sebagai sumber dan media
pembelajaran. Dengan menerapkan prinsip-prinsip pembelajaran di atas, selain daya serap
materi atau pencapaian tujuan pembelajaran yang dapat dinilai cukup baik, sikapsikap
positif siswa seperti keberanian bertanya dan mengemukakan pendapat,
kemampuan menghargai pendapat orang lain, kritis, dan kemampuan bekerjasama ada
kecenderungan meningkat pula. Oleh karena itu proses pembelajaran IPA melalui model investigasi dengan
menggunakan modul yang dilaksanakan dalam penelitian ini dapat dinilai cukup
efektif, dan oleh karenanya dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu alternatif dalam
melaksanakan kurikulum IPA, khususnya di jenjang sekolah dasar.

The learning process in Elementary School, especially that of science gives too
much emphasis upon the process of learning the material which has the textbooks as
its source. This learning process is not in accordance with the fundamental nature of
science as a process itself. Through action research in Grade V SD Negeri KPAD Gegerkalong, this study
was aimed at improvingthe quality of the learning process by investigation in which
students had more chance to participate actively in searching and discovering by
themselves facts, concepts, and principles. The question of the study was focused on
the learning procedure through investigation by using a module, the form of module
used, students learning activities, the form of teacher's guidance, the form of
evaluation and the results of learning. Based on the results of the preliminary survey and referring to one of the
investigation theories in science and also another learning theory, the pattern of
learning developed includes preliminary activity, the core of activity, and the final
activity. The module contains objectives, learning activities, and evaluation; which
consists of teacher's instruction sheet, student's activity sheet, student's worksheet,
consolidating questionnaire sheet, and test sheet. The activities of the students consist
of preliminary test, revealing of the past experience related to the new material,
experiment, discussion, summarizing the material, and final test. Teacher's guidance
was classically done within groups and individual while the students were carrying
out their experiment, discussing, and summarizing the material. Evaluation in
accordance with the fundamental nature of science was accomplished towards the
process and the results of learning. The results of learning were in the form of
knowledge, understanding, application, skills and attitude. From the development of the model, it was discovered that some principles of
learning, that is die one which is centered on students learning activity, learning
through direct experience, an immediate feed back and consolidation, and the use of
environment as a source and a media of learning. By applying the above principles of learning, not only can the grasp of material
or the accomplishment of learning objectives be considered good enough, but also
positive attitudes of students such as the courage of asking questions and of putting
forward their opinions, the ability to respect other people's opinions, being critical,
and the ability to cooperate tend to increase. Therefore, the process of learning science through investigation by using the
module implemented in this study can be considered effective, and thus it could be
made as an alternative to implement the science curriculum, especially in Elementary
School.

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Item Type:	Thesis (S2)
Subjects:	?? 370 ??
Divisions:	Sekolah Pasca Sarjana > Pengembangan Kurikulum S-2
Depositing User:	Riki N Library ICT
Date Deposited:	27 Aug 2013 09:00
Last Modified:	27 Aug 2013 09:00
URI:	http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/995

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