Muhsin, Mokhamat (2010) PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TERPADU BERBASIS PERMAINAN KOTAK JARING LABA-LABA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KESIAPAN BELAJAR MEMBACA, MENULIS, DAN BERHITUNG ANAK USIA DINI : Studi pada Kelompok Bermain Dharma Putra Desa Turus Kecamatan Gurah Kabupaten Kediri Provinsi Jawa Timur. eprint_fieldopt_thesis_type_phd thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.
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Abstract
Salah satu masalah yang dihadapi dalam pendidikan anak usia dini (PAUD) adalah adanya kegiatan mengajarkan membaca, menulis, dan berhitung pada anak. Padahal anak usia dini tersebut belum mencapai kematangan pada tugas-tugas perkembangan yang menuntut penguasaan kemampuan membaca, menulis dan berhitung. Beranjak dari permasalahan tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan model pembelajaran berbasis permainan untuk meningkatkan kesiapan belajar membaca, menulis, dan berhitung anak usia dini sesuai dengan karakteristik dan tugas perkembangannya.Pengembangan model ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) yang meliputi sepuluh langkah kegiatan. Kesepuluh langkah model R & D tersebut dikemas dalam tiga tahap penelitian yaitu: (1) studi pendahuluan; (2) pengembangan model; dan (3) Uji validasi model. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, angket observasi, studi dokumentasi dan tes. Hasil penelitian : (1) Pembelajaran membaca, menulis, dan berhitung pada anak usia dini yang dilaksanakan selama ini dilakukan secara konvensional dan menggunakan pendekatan akademik, yakni menekankan kegiatan latihan tertulis secara individual. (2) Model yang dihasilkan adalah Model Pembelajaran Terpadu berbasis Permainan Kotak Jaring Laba-laba (PT-PKJL), tahapannya terdiri atas : kegiatan awal, yakni menciptakan kondisi belajar yang kondusif, apersepsi dan do’a bersama, kegiatan inti, yakni bermain, pemberian bimbingan, reinforcement, serta kegiatan akhir, yakni refleksi, kesimpulan,cerita bersambung, dan do’a bersama. (3) Model PT-PKJL telah terbukti secara signifikan lebih efektif meningkatkan kesiapan belajar membaca, menulis, dan berhitung anak usia dini dibandingkan dengan model pembelajaran yang selama ini digunakan.Kelebihan model PT-PKJL antara lain: (1) motivasi pendidik dan anak didik tinggi dalam proses penentuan tema, (2) mudah dilakukan, pembelajaran berlangsung alami, (3) mempermudah perencanaan, (4) memudahkan anak untuk melihat berbagai kegiatan yang berbeda, namun saling terkait dalam satu tema, dan (5) dapat memanfaatkan lingkungan sekitar sebagai sumber belajar. Sedangkan kelemahannya antara lain: (1) pendidik kesulitan menentukan tema yang sesuai dengan minat dan tugas perkembangan anak, (2) kegiatan evaluasi autentik dan portofolio memerlukan tenaga, waktu dan peralatan yang rumit, (3) menimbulkan kesan bahwa anak-anak hanya diajak bermain, (4) dibutuhkan waktu dan pikiran untuk mengaitkan tema dengan sumber belajar yang tersedia, (5) membutuhkan waktu untuk beradaptasi dengan model ini.Berdasarkan temuan-temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model PT-PKJL relevan dengan karakteristik anak usia dini, dapat diterapkan dalam proses pembelajaran di kelompok bermain, dan memiliki tingkat keefektifan yang signifikan dalam membantu anak mencapai kesiapan belajar membaca, menulis, dan berhitung yang sesuai dengan minat, karakteristik dan tugas perkembangannya. Maka dengan demikian model PT-PKJL juga memiliki kelayakan untuk dikembangkan pada lembaga-lembaga PAUD. One of the problems faced by the early age child education (PAUD) is a tendency to teach reading, writing, and arithmetic for early age children. Actually, they have not reached the development phase which demands to master reading, writing and arithmetic ability. The purpose of this research is to produce a playing based instructional model to increase the readiness of learning to read, to write, and arithmetic for early age children. Besides, it is compatible with their characters and the development phases of them. This development model uses Research and Development (R & D) method, they have ten steps of activities. All of them wrapped in three phases of development, that is: (1) The beginning study; (2) The model development; and (3) The model validation test. This data will be collected to be performed with interview, anklets, observation, documentation study, and test. The result of the research: (1) Learning process of reading, writing and arithmetic for young age children so far has been done conventionally and by using the academic approach, it means that emphasizing the mastery of reading and writing skill and arithmetic by doing exercises writtenly and individually. (2) The resulted model is the integrated learning model based on the trap box of spiders game (PT-PKJL), the stages consist of: the opening activity that is intended to create conducive learning condition, apperception and prayer together, the core activity that is playing, guidance, reinforcement, and the last activities are reflection, conclusion, continued story, and prayer together. (3) PT-PKJL model was confirmed significantly more effective to increase the readiness of learning reading, writing, and arithmetic for the young age children than the models have been used at this time. The advantages of PT-PKJL model are: (1) Educator and children motivation is high enough in the process of deciding themes or topic. (2) Easy to do, and learning process lasts more naturally. (3) Easier to make a plan. (4) Easier for children to see some different activities, but relating in one theme/topic and (5) It can use the round environment as the source of study. While the weaknesses are: (1) the educator has a difficulty to decide the theme that is suitable to the desire and children development. (2) The authentic evaluation activity and portfolio need more energy, time and complicated equipment. (3) Causing the image that children are just invited to play game. (4) Need more time and thought to connect every theme with the available sources of study. (5) Need more time to adapt with this model. Based on the research findings, it shows that PT-PKJL model is relevant to the characteristic of the early age children, applicable in learning process for play group, and has significant effectivity level which is important to help the children reach the readiness to learn about reading, writing, and arithmetic which is suitable with desire, characters and the development phases. So, it is properly for PT-PKJL model to be developed and implemented in educational institution of PAUD.
| Item Type: | Thesis (eprint_fieldopt_thesis_type_phd) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | No Panggil D.PK MUH p-2010 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Membaca,menulis,Berhitung pada anak usia dini |
| Subjects: | L Education > L Education (General) |
| Divisions: | Sekolah Pasca Sarjana > Pengembangan Kurikulum S-3 |
| Depositing User: | Staf Koordinator 3 |
| Date Deposited: | 25 Jun 2014 08:15 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Jun 2014 08:15 |
| URI: | http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/8752 |
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