KRISIS MALAISE AMERIKA SERIKAT: KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAHAN HERBERT HOOVER MENGATASI KRISIS 1929-1933

Amor Patria, - (2021) KRISIS MALAISE AMERIKA SERIKAT: KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAHAN HERBERT HOOVER MENGATASI KRISIS 1929-1933. S1 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini berjudul “Krisis Malaise Amerika Serikat: Kebijakan Pemerintahan Herbert Hoover Mengatasi Krisis 1929-1933”, dengan latar belakang ketertarikan peneliti akan sejarah dan keterpurukan ekonomi Amerika Serikat tahun 1930-an. Peristiwa depresi hebat disebut juga dengan Krisis Malaise berdampak signifikan hingga tahun-tahun setelahnya. Pemerintahan kepresidenan Herbert Hoover didesak menghadapi kondisi yang belum pernah terjadi sepanjang sejarah Amerika Serikat sebelumnya. Masalah utama dalam penelitian ini adalah “bagaimana kebijakan pemerintahan Herbert Hoover dalam mengatasi Krisis Malaise Amerika Serikat tahun 1929-1933?” dengan menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah (metode historis) meliputi heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi, dan historiografi, dengan teknik studi literatur dalam pengumpulan data mengenai topik bahasan. Analisis dari skripsi ini menggunakan teori depresi ekonomi, sistem ekonomi liberal, dan kebijakan pemerintah yang akan menjelaskan latar belakang Krisis Malaise Amerika Serikat 1929, kebijakan ekonomi pemerintahan Presiden Herbert Hoover dalam mengatasi Krisis Malaise selama 1929-1933, dan dampak dari kebijakan tersebut terhadap perekonomian Amerika Serikat. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Krisis Malaise dilatarbelakangi beberapa faktor yang diawali dengan jatuhnya bursa saham Wall Street yang disebut dengan Black Thursday (Kamis Hitam), kebijakan pemerintahan Presiden Herbert Hoover yang awalnya berlandaskan teori ekonomi liberal akhirnya bersifat intervensionis meliputi kebijakan dalam UU Smoot-Hawley Tariff 1930, program President’s Emergency Comitte For Employment (PECE) dan President’s Organization on Unemployment Relief (POUR) 1931, juga pembentukan Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) 1932. Dampak dari kebijakan-kebijakan tersebut adalah kemerosotan perdagangan internasional, tingkat pengangguran yang tidak terkontrol dan pemborosan anggaran negara, krisis perbankan, dan memicu keruntuhan dari kepresidenan seorang Herbert Hoover. This research is entitled "United States Malaise Crisis: The Policies of the Herbert Hoover Administration to Overcome the Crisis of 1929-1933", with researcher's interest in the history and economical downturn of the United States in the 1930s as the background. The Great Depression also known as the Malaise Crisis had a significant impact in the several years after. Herbert Hoover's presidential administration was forced to face condition that had never happened throughout previous US history. The main problem in this study is "how was the policy of the Herbert Hoover government in overcoming the United States Malaise Crisis in 1929-1933?" using historical research methods including heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography, with literature study techniques in collecting data on the topic of the research. The analysis of this thesis uses the theory of economic depression, the liberal economic system, and government policies that will explain the background of United States Malaise Crisi 1929s, economic policies of the President Hoover government in overcoming the crisis in 1929-193, and the impact of these policies on American economy. This study concludes the Malaise Crisis was motivated by several factors that were triggered by the fall of the Wall Street stock market called Black Thursday, the policies of President Hoover's government originally based on liberal economic theory and ended up by being interventionist including Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act 1930, President's Emergency Committee For Employment (PECE) and President's Organization on Unemployment Relief (POUR) programs 1931, and the establishment of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) 1932. The impact of these policies was a decline in US international trade, uncontrolled unemployment and wasting the state spending, a banking crisis, which triggered the collapse of the presidency of Herbert Hoover.

Item Type:	Thesis (S1)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Krisis Malaise, Herbert Hoover, Kebijakan Amerika Serikat
Subjects:	E History America > E11 America (General) E History America > E151 United States (General) L Education > L Education (General)
Divisions:	Fakultas Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial > Pendidikan Sejarah
Depositing User:	Amor Patria
Date Deposited:	15 Jul 2021 04:31
Last Modified:	15 Jul 2021 04:31
URI:	http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/62305

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