INDONESIAN EFL STUDENTS’ PATTERNS OF REASONING AND LOGICAL FALLACIES IN WRITING EXPOSITIONS

Delpani Selpia, - (2012) INDONESIAN EFL STUDENTS’ PATTERNS OF REASONING AND LOGICAL FALLACIES IN WRITING EXPOSITIONS. S2 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.

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Abstract

Dari sekian banyak komponen yang memainkan peran penting dalam konteks penulisan argumentatif, membuat argumen yang kuat adalah salah satu elemen kunci. Logical fallacies, yang secara sederhana dapat digambarkan sebagai argumen buruk yang muncul sebagai bagian dari penalaran seseorang, menunjukkan klaim yang tidak sah atau tidak berdasar yang melemahkan pernyataan atau argumen. Studi saat ini menyelidiki dua masalah utama: pertama, pola penalaran siswa sehubungan dengan kesalahan yang dibuat dalam menulis Eksposisi; dan kedua, logical fallacies umum yang ditemukan dalam Eksposisi mereka dalam hal manipulasi melalui emosi, manipulasi melalui gangguan, dan kesalahan induktif. Untuk tujuan ini, diambil 80 Eksposisi yang ditulis oleh 80 siswa kelas dua belas dalam ujian akhir menulis dari sebuah SMA di Bandung. Ditemukan bahwa 34 Eksposisi siswa, dari 80, mengandung berbagai jenis logical fallacies. Oleh karena itu, analisis data difokuskan pada 34 Eksposisi ini. Tiga penilai direkrut untuk memastikan keandalan proses identifikasi kesalahan logis. 10 Wawancara dilakukan dengan 10 siswa yang mengambil bagian dalam penulisan Eksposisi mengenai logical fallacies mereka dalam esai ini. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa pola penalaran yang paling banyak digunakan adalah rasionalistik. Sementara itu, terdapat 12 jenis fallacies yang ditemukan pada 34 Expositions yang didominasi oleh the fallacy of questionable cause, hasty generalization, and appeal to fear. Menariknya, meskipun para siswa umumnya mendasarkan penalarannya pada pola-pola rasionalistik, munculnya kekeliruan tidak dapat dicegah. Artinya penggunaan pola penalaran rasionalistik tidak menjamin bahwa klaim yang dibuat oleh siswa bebas dari fallacies. Pola penalaran siswa dan semua jenis kesalahan umum yang ditemukan dijelaskan secara menyeluruh. Of the many components that play important roles in argumentative writing contexts, making sound arguments is one key element. Logical fallacies, which can be simply described as bad arguments appearing as part of a person's reasoning, demonstrate either illegitimate or unfounded claims that weaken a statement or argument. The current study investigated two main issues: first, the patterns of the students’ reasoning with regard to the fallacies made in writing Expositions; and second, common logical fallacies found in their Expositions in terms of manipulation through emotions, manipulation through distraction, and inductive fallacy. For this purpose, 80 Expositions written by 80 twelfth-graders in their final writing exam from a Senior High school in Bandung were taken. It was found that 34 Expositions, out of 80, contained various types of logical fallacies. Therefore, the data analysis focused on these 34 Expositions. Three inter-raters were recruited to ensure the reliability of the logical fallacy identification process. 10 Interviews were carried out with 10 students taking part in the Exposition writing concerning their logical fallacies in these essays. The findings show that the most widely used pattern of reasoning was rationalistic. Meanwhile, 12 types of fallacies were found in those 34 students' Expositions dominated by the fallacy of questionable cause, hasty generalization, and appeal to fear. Interestingly, although the students generally based their reasoning on rationalistic patterns, the emergence of fallacies could not be prevented. This means that the use of a rationalistic reasoning pattern did not guarantee that the claims made by students were free from flaws. The students' reasoning patterns and all common fallacy types found were thoroughly described.

Item Type:	Thesis (S2)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	argumentative writing, Exposition, Indonesian EFL Classroom, informal reasoning pattern, logical fallacy.
Subjects:	L Education > L Education (General) P Language and Literature > P Philology. Linguistics
Divisions:	Sekolah Pasca Sarjana > Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris S-2
Depositing User:	Delpani Selpia
Date Deposited:	29 Mar 2021 06:36
Last Modified:	29 Mar 2021 06:36
URI:	http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/60047

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