Malik, Ari Kamal (2016) PERANAN MALCOLM X DALAM PERJUANGAN HAK-HAK SIPIL ORANG KULIT HITAM DI AMERIKA SERIKAT TAHUN 1957-1965. S1 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.
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Abstract
Skripsi berjudul “Peranan Malcolm X Dalam Perjuangan Hak-Hak Sipil Orang Kulit Hitam Amerika Serikat Tahun 1957-1965”. Penelitian tersebut kemudian dibagi menjadi empat pertanyaan penelitian, yaitu (1) Bagaimana kondisi sosial dan politik orang kulit hitam sebelum mendapatkan kesetaraan hak sipil?; (2) Apa yang menjadi ketertarikan Malcolm X untuk ikut memperjuangkan hak-hak sipil orang kulit hitam di Amerika Serikat?; (3) Bagaimana uapaya Malcolm X untuk memperjuangkan hak-hak sipil orang kulit hitam di Amerika Serikat pada tahun 1957-1965?; (4) Bagaimana dampak pergerakan yang dilakukan oleh Malcolm X terhadap kondisi kehidupan sosial politik orang kulit hitam Amerika Serikat?. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode historis dengan melakukan empat langkah penelitian yaitu heuristik, kritik, intepretasi dan historiografi. Seadangkan untuk pengumpulan data peneliti melakukan teknik studi literatur yaitu mengkaji sumber-sumber yang relevan dengan tema penelitian. Berdasakan hasil kajian dapat dijelaskan bahwa Malcolm X atau Ell-Haj Malik Ell-Shabbazz adalah tokoh perjuangan hak-hak sipil orang kulit hitam yanng cukup terkenal, selain sebagai pejuang hak sipil orang kulit hitam, ia pun menjadi tokoh Islam Amerika Serikat. Namanya menjadi terkenal ketika bergabung dengan organisasi sparatis pimpinan Elijah Muhammad yaitu Nation of Islam, ia bertranformasi menjadi sosok yang diperhitungkan dikalangan pemerintahan Amerika Serikat. Perkembangan selanjutnya Malcolm X memilih untuk keluar dari Nation of Islam dikarenakan menurutnya, organisasi tersebut tidak sesuai dengan ajaran Islam yang sesungguhnya. Inilah yang menjadi penyebab renggangnya hubungan Malcolm X dan Elijah Muhammad yang sampai pada akhirnya Malcolm X dibunuh pada tahun 1965 oleh salah satu anggota NOI. Berbagai upaya telah dilakukan oleh Malcolm X dalam memperjuangkan hak sipil orang kulit hitam diantaranya; menjalin persahabatan dengan pemimpin dari negara lain seperti Kasem Gulick Ketua Parlemen Turki, membentuk Organization African American Unity, menghadiri Konferensi Asia Afrika di Bandung, mendirikan Yayasan Malcolm X. Perjuangan Malcolm X dipengaruhi oleh beberapa tokoh seperti W. E. B Du Bois dan Elijah Muhammad. Kehidupan orang kulit hitam muali membaik pasca perjuangan hak sipil yang dilakukan oleh Malcolm X, taraf hidup orang kulit hitam mulai meningkat, berbagai lapisan pekerjaan mulai dirasakan masyarakat kulit hitam, fasilitas sosial tidak dibeda-bedakan kembali, dan hak pemilihan mulai merata. ; The Paper entitled “Peranan Malcolm X Dalam Perjuangan Hak-Hak Sipil Orang Kulit Hitam Tahun 1957-1965”. This Research concluding into four quwstion, those are: (1) What are the social and political condition of black people before getting the equality of civil rights? (2) What is the interested things take make Malcolm X to struggles for the civil rights of black in the USA? (3) How the Malcolm X attempt to struggles for the civil rights of black in the USA in 1957-1965? (4) What is the impacts of the movement performed by Malcolm X against the conditions of the social life political of black people in USA? The method that used by the researcher is hirostical research divided into four steps, those are: heuristics, critique, interpretation and historiography as the tools to collecting data the researcher doing the study techniques with literature review that are relevant to the theme of this research. Based on the results of the study can be explained that Malcolm X or Ell-Haj Malik Ell-Shabbazz is the civil right struggle of blackcs who are quite notable, beside from being a struggler from the black civil rights, he also transformed as an Islamic figure of USA. His name was famous when he joined with separatist organization that lead by Elijah Muhammad known as the Nation of Islam. The next expansion of Malcolm X is, he dedicded to leaves Nation of Islam because the organization not appropriated with the Islamic. This caused that make distantly spaces between Malcolm X and Elijah Muhammad till the Malcolm X was killed by somebody that joined with NOI in 1965. So many way that was struggled by Malcolm X to get the civil right of blacks, those are: created the relationship with another leader in the other country such as Kasem Gulick the leader of the Turkish parliament, and make the organization African American unity, attended in Asian African Conferenced in Bandung, make the Malcolm X Foundation. The struggles by Malcolm X are influenced from some prominent figure such as W.E.B Du Bois and Elijah Muhammad. The life of blacks are being wel after struggling the civil right that was achieved by Malcolm X, the life of blacks began to rise after the struggles of the civil right by Malcolm X, the level of blacks began to increase, the various employment be able for blacks, the social facilities are not be differentianted, and the rights of election strated evenness.
| Item Type: | Thesis (S1) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | No Panggil : S SEJ MAL p-2016 ; Nama Pembimbing : I. Wawan Darmawan . II. Moch Eryk Kamsori . |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Malcolm X, Hak-Hak Sipil Orang Kulit Hitam, African-American. |
| Subjects: | C Auxiliary Sciences of History > CB History of civilization D History General and Old World > D History (General) L Education > L Education (General) |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial > Pendidikan Sejarah |
| Depositing User: | Mr mhsinf 2017 |
| Date Deposited: | 16 Oct 2017 01:16 |
| Last Modified: | 16 Oct 2017 01:16 |
| URI: | http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/27336 |
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