RIWAYAT NABI YUSUF AS PUTRA NABI YAKUB AS DI NEGERI KANAAN: KRITIK TEKS DAN TINJAUAN KANDUNGAN ISI

Rahmah, Syifa Agnia Yaumatur (2015) RIWAYAT NABI YUSUF AS PUTRA NABI YAKUB AS DI NEGERI KANAAN: KRITIK TEKS DAN TINJAUAN KANDUNGAN ISI. S1 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.

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Abstract

Budaya tulis sudah berlangsung sejak zaman nenek moyang, budaya tersebut sebagai representasi zaman pada masanya. Hasil budaya tulis itu adalah naskah yang harus dijaga, dilestarikan, dipertahankan dan utamanya diambil manfaatnya untuk kehidupan kini. Naskah yang disimpan di museum tentunya tidak akan banyak dikenali konteksnya di tengah masyarakat seperti sastra lisan klasik. Salah satu upaya pelestarian budaya tersebut dengan melakukan pengalihaksaraan dan terjemahan agar mudah dibaca dan dipahami oleh masyarakat. Di Indonesia naskah tersebar sangat luas, salah satu daerah yang dikenal banyak menghasilkan naskah-naskah handscript adalah Tatar Sunda. Naskah keagamaan dipergunakan sebagai media dakwah. Salah satunya naskah Riwayat Nabi Yusuf As Putra Nabi Yakub As di Nagari Kanaan koleksi museum Prabu Geusan Ulun, Kabupaten Sumedang. Naskah RNYAPNYANK merupakan naskah Sunda yang bernafaskan keislaman, diperkirakan juga menjadi media da’wah untuk menyebarkan agama Islam di Nangka Pait. Naskah RNYAPNYANK diubah bahasanya ke dalam bahasa Sunda oleh penyalin, serta merekontruksi kitab Torisul Majalin tersebut ke dalam sebuah pupuh tentunya sudah dikenal dalam kebudayaan masyarakat Sunda waktu itu. Dalam naskah RNYAPNYANK ini terdapat berbagai kesalahan yang ditemukan, yaitu tulisan menggunakan aksara Arab Pegon sehingga menyulitkan pembacaan bagi masyarakat umum, sulitnya mengakses naskah karena naskah berada dalam perlindungan museum Geusan Ulun Sumedang, belum terfungsikannya naskah tersebut sebagai referensi sejarah agama, dan terdapat halaman yang hilang, mengakibatkan isi naskah tidak utuh sehingga ada informasi yang kurang. Karena masalah yang terlalu luas, maka penelitian dibatasi pada masalah kritik terhadap kesalahan tulis, penyimpangan redaksional, dan tinjauan kandungan isi. Perbaikan pada identifikasi naskah sebagai perbaikan pada penelitian sebelumnya. Penelitian ini lebih menitik beratkan pada perbaikan teks (kritik teks) untuk menghasilkan edisi teks yang bersih dari penyimpangan redaksional. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua bagian yaitu penelitian kualitatif (mutu) dan kuantitatif. Penelitian kualitatif berisi tentang penggunaan pupuh pada naskah RNYAPNYANK yang dikonvensikan dengan kaidah pupuh masyarakat Sunda. Selain penggunaan pupuh dalam penelitian kualitatif juga dikemukakan mengenai jumlah penyimpangan guru lagu, padalisan dan kesalahan penyalinan. Sedangkan penelitian kuantitatif lebih menitikberatkan kesalahan guru wilangan, penyimpangan redaksional berupa emendasi, adisi, dan omisi. Selain itu dalam penelitian ini pula dihadirkan bentuk edisi teks yang bersih dari kesalahan tulis serta tinjauan isi terhadap naskah RNYAPNYANK. Hasil penelitian terhadap naskah RNYAPNYANK menunjukan, teks RNYAPNYANK ini terdiri dari 797 bait dan 5609 larik dengan 36 penggunaan pupuh, dan 12 penamaan pupuh diantaranya; 7 kali pupuh Dangdanggula, 7 kali Pupuh Asmarandana, 7 kali pupuh Sinom, 2 kali pupuh Pangkur, 1 kali pupuh Maskumambang, 1 kali pupuh Mijil, 3 kali Pupuh Kinanti, 2 kali pupuh Magatru, 2 kali Pupuh Durma, 2 kali pupuh Pucung, 1 kali pupuh Gambuh dan 1 kali pupuh Balakbak. Jika dilihat secra keseluruhan pada penyimpangan redaksional yang terjadi pada naskah RNYAPNYANK maka dapat dirincikan emendasi 1,3 % , adisi 6,76 %, dan omisi 6,22 %. Writing is and old culture inherited through ages by the ancestors of human being and representation of every age in the mankind history. The manuscripts as product of the culture should be preserved, and most importantly, the recent generation can take the benefits from the heritage. The context of manuscripts, such as the classical oral literary, which is stored in the museum, surely will not easily understood by the recent society. One of the efforts in preserving the heritage is through transliteration and translation to make them easily read and understood by the recent generation. The manuscript records very rich contents. In Indonesia, such works may easily found all around the archipelago, including in Tatar Sunda or the the land of Sundanese. The land of Sundanese is well known as the region which is rich of Islamic manuscript for the preaching activity. Among such manuscripts, the less-known one is the story of Prophet Joseph (pbuh), the son on prophet Jacob (pbuh) in Kanaan Land which is preserved in the Prabu Geusan Ulun Museum in Sumedang Region, West Java Province. The manuscript which in Bahasa Indonesia encoded as RNYAPNYANK (stands for Riwayat Nabi Yusuf AS Putra Nabi Yakub AS di Negeri Kanaan) written in Sundanese Language with Arabic letters. The manuscript contains the Islamic story and supposed to be part of Islamic preaching in the area of Nangka Pait in Garut. The story in RNYAPNYANK manuscript was reconstructed from the Arabic book Torisul Majalin and rewritten in Sundanese language. It was written in the form of Sundanese poetry named pupuh, which was the common literary expression at the age. The RNYAPNYANK manuscript nowadays cannot be easily understood by recent community since it is written in Arab Pegon or Arabic letters modified for Sundanese Language. Another condition, some pages of the manuscripts are missing, and it causes some information corrupted. Such condition causes the manuscript does not give any support to academic study of Islam in Indonesia. Since the manuscript contains various problems, in the study the researcher will limit the problems. This study mainly focuses on the criticism of misspelling and study of the content. The study was conducted to contribute to the improvement of the early identification of the manuscript by the previous researcher. This study emphasizes on the construction of the text to have the new clearer text which is free from any misspelling. This study combines two methods, qualitative and quantitative. The qualitative method was used to analyze the pupuh and to make a list of type of pupuh used in the manuscript, based on the principle of pupuh in Sundanese literary theory. Aside making a list of the type of pupuh, the qualitative method also used to analyze the error of vocal pattern (guru lagu), stanza pattern (padalisan), and the mistake made in rewriting the manuscript, such as the existence of the same content in different pages. While the quantitative method was used to analyze the syllable number (guru wilangan) and misspelling, namely emendation, addition, and omission. The study also offers the new edition of the text which is free from misspelling and review of the content of the RNYAPNYANK manuscript. The study reveals that the RNYAPNYANK manuscript consists of 797 stanzas, 5609 lines, 36 forms of pupuh, namely dangdanggula (7 times) asmarandana (7) sinom (2) pangkur (1), maskumambang (1) mijil (3) kinanti (2) magatru (2), durma (2), pucung (1) gambuh (1) and balakbak (1). Overall, there are misspelling in the manuscript identified as emendation (1,3 percent), addition (6,76 percent) and omission (6,22 percent).

Item Type:	Thesis (S1)
Additional Information:	No. Panggil : S IND RAH r-2015; Pembimbing : I. Tedi Permadi, II. Memen Durachman
Uncontrolled Keywords:	riwayat nabi, Nabi Yusuf AS, putra Nabi Yakub AS
Subjects:	P Language and Literature > P Philology. Linguistics
Divisions:	Fakultas Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra > Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia > Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia
Depositing User:	Staff DAM
Date Deposited:	05 Jan 2016 02:12
Last Modified:	05 Jan 2016 02:12
URI:	http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/18934

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