Cahyadi, Agun (2015) KETERLIBATAN AUSTRALIA DALAM PERANG VIETNAM 1962-1975. S1 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.
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Abstract
Permasalah utama yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini yaitu mengapa Australia terlibat dalam Perang Vietnam 1962-1975? Permasalahan utama itu kemudian dijabarkan ke dalam beberapa pertanyaan penelitian; pertama, apa yang melatar belakangi Australia terlibat di Perang Vietnam? kedua, bagaimana bentuk keterlibatan Australia selama di Perang Vietnam? Dan ketiga bagaimana dampak keterlibatan Australia di Perang Vietnam terhadap kondisi sosial-politik negaranya? Untuk mempermudah proses penelitian yang dilakukan, peneliti menggunakan metode historis. Peneliti pun menggunakan pendekatan interdisipliner melalui kajian ilmu sosiologi dan politik dengan menggunakan konsep-konsep seperti keterlibatan atau intervensi, menganalisis politik luar negeri Australia, Perang Dingin, Perang Vietnam serta menggunakan teori konflik dari Ralf Dahrendorf. Berdasarkan kajian penelitian yang telah dilakukan, dapat dijelaskan bahwa latar belakang yang membawa Australia sehingga terlibat dalam Perang Vietnam itu, tidak terlepas dari kondisi politik Australia pada saat itu. Para pembuat kebijakan luar negeri Australia mulai menghawatirkan muncul dan berkembangnya gerakan-gerakan komunis di Vietnam. Bagi Pemerintah Australia, perkembangan komunis di sana itu dianggap sebagai ancaman keamanan yang bila dibiarkan nantinya akan mengancam keamanan negaranya. Dorongan dari kepentingan nasionalnya untuk menjaga keamanan wilayahnya ditambah dorongan dari sekutunya Amerika Serikat, pada akhirnya mempengaruhi pemerintah Australia untuk mengirimkan pasukannya ke Vietnam sebagai bagian dari langkah Forward Defence. Selama keikutsertaan Australia di Perang Vietnam itu, di mulai dengan mengirimkan 30 pensehat militer pada tahun 1962, yang kemudian ditugaskan untuk melatih pasukan Vietnam Selatan. Peningkatan pasukan Australia di Vietnam pun mulai dilakukan dengan mengirimkan pasukan RAAF untuk membantu berbagai operasi gabungan bersama sekutu lainny, sampai pada akhirnya pasukan Australia pun diberikan daerah operasi militernya sendiri di wilayah Provisi Phouc Tuy, Vietnam Selatan. Sementara itu, penarikan pasukan Australia dilakukan secara bertahap di mulai dari tahun 1970-1971. Namun di akhir-akhir sebelum kejatuhan kota Saigon dan berakhirnya Perang Vietnam pada tahun 1975, pasukan Australia pun ikut berpartsipasi dalam proses evakuasi pasukan Amerika Serikat dari Vietnam. Keterlibatan Australia di Perang Vietnam pun, pada akhirnya berdampak pada kerugian atas korban jiwa dan kerusakan pada alat persenjataan yang dimilikinya. Tidak berhenti sampai di sana, keikutseraan Australia di Vietnam pun pada akhirnya mempengaruhi pula kondisi sosial-politik di negaranya. Berdasarkan kajian tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa peran pasukan Australia di Perang Vietnam itu tidak terlepas dari permasalahan-permasalahan yang terjadi di Vietnam dan berbagai komitmen perjanjian yang telah dibentuk bersama Amerika Serikat, sehingga pada akhirnya mengharuskan pemerintah Australia untuk mengirimkan pasukan militernya ke Vietnam. Namun dampak dari pengiriman pasukan militernya itu, pada akhirnya mempengaruhi pula kondisi sosial-politik negaranya sendiri. The main problem which is examined in this study is why Australia involve in Vietnam War in 1962-1975? That main problem then outlined into several study questions: first, what does background Australia involvement in Vietnam War? Second, how does the form of Australia involvement during Vietnam War? And third, how does the impact of Australia involvement in Vietnam War toward social-politic condition in its country? To make easier study process which is done, researcher use historical method. Researcher also use interdisciplinary approach through study of sociology and politic sciences by using concepts such as involvement or intervention, analyzing Australia foreign politic, Cold War, Vietnam War and using conflict theory from Ralf Dahrendorf. Based on examination of study which had been done, it can be explained that the background which lead Australia to involve in Vietnam War is not detached from politic condition of Australia at that time. Australian policy makers started to worry the emergence and the flourish of communist movement in Vietnam. For Australia government, communist flourish in Vietnam is considered as security threat if it is ignored, in turn it will threat its country security. The force of its national interest to maintain the security toward its territory added by the force of its ally, United Stated of America, finally influence Australia government to send its troops to Vietnam as part of Forward Defence step. During Australia involvement in Vietnam War, began by sending 30 military advisors in 1962, which then assigned to train South Vietnam troops. The Australian troops in Vietnam started to be increased by sending RAAF troops to help various joining operations with another allies, until finally Australian troops are given its own military operation territory in Phouc Tuy Province, South Vietnam. Meanwhile, the drawing out of Australian troops is done gradually started from 1970-1971. But in the end before the collapse of Saigon city and the end of Vietnam War in 1975, Australian troops join to involve in evacuation process toward US troops from Vietnam. Australia involvement in Vietnam War finally impacted on casualty and destruction of weaponry equipment which it is owned. But it is not stopped until that, Australia involvement in Vietnam finally influence social-politic condition in its country. Based on that examination, it can be concluded that the role of Australia troops in Vietnam War is not detached from problems occurred in Vietnam and various commitment of treaties which had been formed together with United States of America, with finally require Australian government to send its military troops to Vietnam. Nevertheless, the impact of sending its military troops finally influence also social-politic condition in its own country. Keywords: Australia Foreign Politic, Vietnam War, Cold War, Australian Troops.
| Item Type: | Thesis (S1) |
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| Additional Information: | No. Panggil: S SEJ CAH k-2015; Pembimbing: I. Wawan Darmawan, II. Tarunasena Ma'mur |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Politik Luar Negeri Australia, Perang Vietnam, Perang Dingin, Pasukan Australia |
| Subjects: | D History General and Old World > D History (General) |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial > Pendidikan Sejarah |
| Depositing User: | Staff DAM |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Oct 2015 01:59 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Oct 2015 01:59 |
| URI: | http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/17401 |
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