Halimah, Lili (2014) HARMONISASI NILAI KOSMOPOLITAN DAN ETNISITAS MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN KEWARGANEGARAAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP NASIONALISME SISWA : Penelitian Cross-Sectional Survey pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah di Kota Cimahi. eprint_fieldopt_thesis_type_phd thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.
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Abstract
Disertasi ini merupakan hasil penelitian tentang harmonisasi nilai kosmopolitan dan etnisitas dalam pembelajaran PKn dan pengaruhnya terhadap nasionalisme pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah di Kota Cimahi. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya masalah berat mengenai kesadaran nasional (national consciousness) generasi muda saat ini yang memerlukan pembenahan secara serius. Di era globalisasi bangsa Indonesia dihadapkan pada dua kekuatan utama yakni kosmopolitanisme yang beriringan dengan globalisasi dan menguatnya etnisitas dengan ditandai munculnya ide-ide kedaerahan, otonomi luas, penguatan identitas, separatisme maupun konflik SARA. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka dirumuskan masalah pokok penelitian yakni seberapa kuat proses harmonisasi nilai kosmopolitan dan etnisitas dalam pembelajaran PKn dan bagaimana pengaruhnya terhadap nasionalisme peserta didik. Karya ini memanfaatkan berbagai perspektif dalam kajian tentang kosmopolitanisme, etnisitas dan nasionalisme, yang didukung oleh perspektif dari teori situasional, teori primordial, teori relasional, terbentuknya bangsa dan tindakan komunikatif. Lokasi penelitian tersebar di wilayah Cimahi Tengah, Utara, dan Selatan. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 20.702 dan sampel 421 peserta didik. Pendekatan yang digunakan kuantitatif dan metode Cross-Sectional Survey. Pengumpulan data dikumpulkan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner dan melakukan tes uji kompetensi yang diolah dengan analisis Structural Equation Modelling. Hasil penelitian adalah bahwa Nilai kosmopolitan yang dipahami Siswa adalah termasuk pada kategori tinggi. Nilai ini membentuk sikap kosmopolitan para siswa yang meliputi dimensi moral, politik, dan budaya. Nilai etnisitas yang dipahami siswa berada pada kategori tinggi. Nilai ini membentuk sikap etnisitas para siswa yang meliputi dimensi masyarakat, kesukun, dan jaringan. Secara konseptual terjadi pertentangan antara nilai kosmopolitan dengan nilai etnisitas, keduanya berada pada kutub yang tarik-menarik, dimana nilai kosmopolitan menarik ke ranah global, sedangkan nilai etnisitas menarik ke ranah suku. Dalam situasi demikian pembelajaran PKn berhasil mengharmonisasikan kedua nilai tersebut. Proses harmonisasi nilai kosmopolitan dan etnisitas melalui pembelajaran PKn berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pembentukan nasionalisme siswa, Artinya, bahwa secara langsung pengaruh pembelajaran PKn terhadap nasionalisme siswa lebih besar dibandingkan dengan pengaruh langsung nilai kosmopolitan dan etnisitas terhadap nasionalisme siswa.Nilai kosmopolitan dan etnisitas menjadi faktor yang sangat menentukan dalam mengembangkan nasionalisme ketika dilakukan melalui pembelajaran PKn yang bermutu, berkualitas dan bermakna. Ini memberikan implikasi kepada pemerintah untuk meninjau kembali kurikulum bidang studi PKn. This study scrutinizes the harmonisation of cosmopolitan values and ethnicity in Civic Education and their influences towards the nationalism of high school students in Cimahi. It is conducted due to the low national consciousness of the youth that requires serious correction. Furthermore, in the era of globalisation, Indonesians are also confronted with two major forces of cosmopolitanism coexisting with globalisation and the increasing magnitude of ethnicity marked by the emergence of locality ideas, the widespread of autonomy, identity empowerment, separatist movement as well as conflicts of ethnicity, religion, and race (SARA). Based on such issues, this study aims to investigate how strong the harmonisation process of cosmopolitan values and ethnicity embedded in Civic Education is and how they affect the nationalism of the students.Relevant theories applied in this study are situationism, relational theory, the theory of nation formation, communication action, and also theories of cosmopolitanism, ethics, and value system. Numerous perspectives of studies on cosmopolitanism, ethnicity, and nationalism supported by the perspectives of situationism, relational theory, the theory of nation formation, and communicative action are adopted in this study. The data of this study was collected throughout central, north, and south Cimahi. The population of this study was 20.702 students and 421 students were chosen as the sample. This study applied quantitative approach and Cross-Sectional Survey. The data were collected by means of questionnairres and the data were analyzed by using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The analysis results substantiated that the students’ had high level of comprehension of cosmopolitan values. Such values establish the cosmopolitan attitude of the students that comprise the moral, political, and cultural dimensions. Similarly, the students had high level of comprehension of ethnicity values. The values establish the students’ ethnicity attitude which encompass the dimensions of society, ethnics, and network. Furthermore, there conceptually was a conflict between comopolitan and ethnicity values in which both were attacting each other: cosmopolitan values led to global domain, whereas ethnicity values led to ethnic domain. Under such circumstances, Civic Education managed to harmonise the cosmopolitan values and ethnicity as instantiated by the result that Civic Education significanty influenced the establishment of the students’ nationalism. Such a result indicated that the direct influence of Civic Education towards the students’ nationalism is greater than the direct influences of cosmopolitan values and ethnicity towards the students’ nationalism. All in all, cosmopolitan values and ethnicity are significant factors that determine the development of nationalism when embedded in high quality and meaningful Civic Education learning. Such a result poses implications to the government to review the curriculum of Civic Education.
| Item Type: | Thesis (eprint_fieldopt_thesis_type_phd) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | No. Panggil : D PKN HAL h-2014 ; Pembimbing : I. Endang, II. Dasim. |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Nilai Kosmopolitan, Etnisitas, Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan, Nasionalisme |
| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > H Social Sciences (General) L Education > L Education (General) |
| Divisions: | Sekolah Pasca Sarjana > Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan S-3 |
| Depositing User: | Staf Koordinator 3 |
| Date Deposited: | 19 Aug 2015 07:20 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Aug 2015 07:20 |
| URI: | http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/16455 |
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