PERSPEKTIF SOSIAL DAN GENDER: Fenomena Perempuan Pengguna Vape

Najlaa Raipasha, - and Siti Komariah, - and Rika Sartika, - (2025) PERSPEKTIF SOSIAL DAN GENDER: Fenomena Perempuan Pengguna Vape. S1 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.

Abstract

Penggunaan vape oleh perempuan sering kali menimbulkan respons sosial beragam, seperti stereotip dan stigma karena dianggap melanggar norma gender. Fenomena ini menunjukkan adanya ketegangan antara pilihan personal dan konstruksi sosial yang mengatur perilaku perempuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan memahami penilaian masyarakat, pengalaman subjektif, makna sosial, serta strategi perempuan vapers dalam menghadapi stigma. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif fenomenologi melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap empat informan perempuan pengguna vape. Data dianalisis secara tematik untuk mengidentifikasi pola makna, interaksi sosial, dan bentuk agensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) masyarakat masih memberi penilaian negatif, misalnya melabeli perempuan vapers sebagai “nakal”, meski pada generasi Z dan di wilayah urban mulai terjadi normalisasi; (2) pengalaman subjektif perempuan didorong faktor lingkungan, tekanan akademik dan emosional, serta kebutuhan personal; (3) vaping dimaknai bukan hanya sebagai konsumsi nikotin, tetapi juga sebagai ekspresi kebebasan, penolakan terhadap standar ganda, serta simbol kontrol atas tubuh; (4) strategi menghadapi stigma dilakukan melalui kompromi, seperti menggunakan vape di ruang privat atau smoking area, resistensi dengan sikap tidak peduli, klarifikasi rasional, maupun menyembunyikan perilaku di lingkungan konservatif. Pembahasan dengan teori interaksionisme simbolik menunjukkan makna perilaku dibentuk melalui interaksi dan refleksi diri. Perspektif performativitas gender menegaskan bahwa perempuan tidak sekadar pasif, tetapi memiliki agensi untuk menegosiasikan identitasnya. Dengan demikian, vaping pada perempuan merupakan praktik sosial yang penuh makna, sekaligus ruang resistensi terhadap konstruksi gender tradisional. Women who vape often face mixed social responses, including stigma, as their behavior is perceived to challenge established gender norms. This study examines how society perceives female vapers, how women themselves experience and interpret vaping, the meanings they attach to the practice, and the strategies they use to navigate social stigma. A qualitative phenomenological approach was employed, drawing on in-depth interviews with four female vape users. The data were analyzed thematically to identify patterns of meaning, interaction, and agency. The results show that: (1) societal perceptions remain largely negative, with female vapers often labeled as “deviant” or “improper,” although acceptance and normalization are beginning to emerge among Generation Z and in urban contexts; (2) women’s subjective experiences are shaped by peer influence, academic stress, emotional pressures, and personal needs; (3) vaping is understood not merely as nicotine consumption but also as a tool for self-regulation, an outlet for emotional relief, and a form of self-expression that challenges gendered double standards; and (4) in coping with stigma, women adopt diverse strategies, including limiting vaping to private or designated spaces, downplaying external judgments, rationalizing their choices, or concealing the behavior in conservative environments. Interpreted through symbolic interactionism, the findings highlight how meaning is produced and negotiated through social interaction. The lens of gender performativity further shows that women assert agency by reworking traditional expectations of femininity. Ultimately, vaping becomes more than a personal habit, it represents a meaningful social act and a subtle form of resistance to restrictive gender norms.

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Item Type:	Thesis (S1)
Additional Information:	https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=new_articles&hl=en&imq=Najlaa+Raipasha# ID SINTA Dosen Pembimbing: Siti Komariah: 5976333 Rika Sartika: 5990052
Uncontrolled Keywords:	agensi, fenomenologi, gender, perempuan, stigma sosial, vape. Agency, gender, phenomenology, stigma, vape.
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HN Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform H Social Sciences > HQ The family. Marriage. Woman L Education > L Education (General)
Divisions:	Fakultas Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial > Sosiologi
Depositing User:	Najlaa Raipasha
Date Deposited:	07 Oct 2025 01:56
Last Modified:	07 Oct 2025 01:56
URI:	http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/142398

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