SINTESIS, KARAKTERISASI, DAN UJI PERFORMA BIOCHAR TERLAPISI HIDROGEL PVA/BORAT/ALGINAT SEBAGAI S/CRF TERSISIPI KCl

Augita Ria Idauli, - and Hendrawan, - and Fitri Khoerunnisa, - (2025) SINTESIS, KARAKTERISASI, DAN UJI PERFORMA BIOCHAR TERLAPISI HIDROGEL PVA/BORAT/ALGINAT SEBAGAI S/CRF TERSISIPI KCl. S2 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.

Abstract

Untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pemupukan, strategi Pupuk Pelepasan Lambat-Terkendali (Slow/Controlled-Release Fertilizer, S/CRF) banyak dikembangkan dalam beberapa dekade terakhir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari kelayakan kombinasi biochar sekam padi dan hidrogel PVA/boraks/alginat (PVA/B/A) dalam formulasi S/CRF berbasis nutrien KCl. Biochar dipilih sebagai matriks utama karena sifat fisikokimianya yang mendukung aplikasi S/CRF, sedangkan hidrogel berperan sebagai pengikat sekaligus pelapis untuk memperlambat pelepasan hara. Dua jenis biochar disiapkan, yaitu biochar tanpa impregnasi (BC) dan biochar terimpregnasi KCl selama 24 jam (BCI24) dan 48 jam (BCI48). Karakterisasi biochar dilakukan dengan FTIR-ATR, XRF, BET, dan SEM, sementara hidrogel dan granula S/CRF dianalisis dengan FTIR-ATR. Kinerja agrokimia dievaluasi melalui water absorbance (WA), swelling ratio (SR), water retention (WR), release behavior (RB), dan biodegradabilitas. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa BC memiliki struktur berpori dengan luas permukaan 126,2 m²/g dan tidak mengandung unsur berbahaya. FTIR hidrogel menunjukkan terbentuknya ikatan silang B–O-C, sedangkan FTIR granula terlapis memperlihatkan penurunan signifikan pada pita C–O/Si–O–Si dan C–H aromatik/Si–H/Si–O. Uji SR dan WA menunjukkan granula terlapis dengan BC tanpa impregnasi memiliki nilai tertinggi, sementara uji WR menunjukkan ketiga jenis granula terlapis mampu menahan air hingga 5 hari. Uji RB dalam air menunjukkan laju pelepasan paling lambat pada granula BCI48-A-GE, sedangkan uji RB dalam tanah selama 42 hari menunjukkan pelepasan kalium bertahap hingga 89,47%. Granula juga menunjukkan potensi biodegradabilitas yang baik dalam 70 hari pengamatan. Meskipun profil pelepasan nutrien belum sepenuhnya memenuhi kriteria umum S/CRF, hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa kombinasi biochar terimpregnasi dan pelapisan oleh hidrogel PVA/B/A berpotensi dikembangkan lebih lanjut sebagai formulasi S/CRF yang efisien, ramah lingkungan, dan mendukung pertanian berkelanjutan. Kata kunci: biochar, hidrogel, kalium klorida, pupuk lepas lambat/terkendali, PVA/borat/alginat, sekam padi To improve fertilization efficiency, Slow/Controlled-Release Fertilizer (S/CRF) strategies have been widely developed in recent decades. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of combining rice husk biochar and PVA/boric acid/alginate (PVA/B/A) hydrogel in a KCl-based S/CRF formulation. Biochar was selected as the primary matrix due to its physicochemical properties that support S/CRF application, while the hydrogel serves as both a binder and a coating to slow nutrient release. Two types of biochar were prepared: unimpregnated biochar (BC) and biochar impregnated with KCl for 24 hours (BCI24) and 48 hours (BCI48). Biochar characterization was performed using FTIR-ATR, XRF, BET, and SEM, while hydrogel and S/CRF granules were analyzed using FTIR-ATR. Agrochemical performance was evaluated through water absorbance (WA), swelling ratio (SR), water retention (WR), release behavior (RB), and biodegradability. The analysis results showed that BC has a porous structure with a surface area of 126.2 m²/g and does not contain harmful elements. FTIR of the hydrogel showed the formation of B–O-C crosslinks, while FTIR of the coated granules showed a significant decrease in the C–O/Si–O–Si and aromatic C–H/Si–H/Si–O bands. SR and WA tests showed that coated granules with BC without impregnation had the highest values, while WR tests indicated that all three types of coated granules could retain water for up to 5 days. RB tests in water showed the slowest release rate in BCI48-A-GE granules, while RB tests in soil over 42 days demonstrated gradual potassium release up to 89.47%. The granules also showed good biodegradability potential over 70 days of observation. Although the nutrient release profile does not fully meet the general criteria for S/CRF, the results of this study indicate that the combination of impregnated biochar and coating with PVA/B/A hydrogel has the potential to be further developed as an efficient, environmentally friendly, and sustainable agricultural formulation for S/CRF. Keywords: biochar, hydrogel, potassium chloride, PVA/borate/alginate, rice husk, slow/controlled-release fertilizer

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Item Type:	Thesis (S2)
Additional Information:	https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=krPwTocAAAAJ&hl=en ID SINTA Dosen Pembimbing: Hendrawan: 5994163 Fitri Khoerunnisa:258263
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Kata kunci: biochar, hidrogel, kalium klorida, pupuk lepas lambat/terkendali, PVA/borat/alginat, sekam padi Keywords: biochar, hydrogel, potassium chloride, PVA/borate/alginate, rice husk, slow/controlled-release fertilizer
Subjects:	L Education > L Education (General) Q Science > QD Chemistry
Divisions:	Fakultas Pendidikan Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam > Pendidikan Kimia - S2
Depositing User:	Augita Ria Idauli
Date Deposited:	14 Sep 2025 01:47
Last Modified:	14 Sep 2025 01:47
URI:	http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/138731

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