Fauziah Fatah, - (2024) EFEKTIVITAS MODEL PROJECT BASED LEARNING DALAM MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPAS DI SEKOLAH DASAR. S1 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.
Abstract
Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh keadaan pembelajaran dimana siswa sekolah dasar menunjukkan tingkat partisipasi yang rendah, cenderung pasif dan bingung saat dihadapkan pertanyaan kompleks, nilai ujian pada soal LOTS yang rendah, dan jika bertanya hanya terbatas pada hal-hal dasar. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya keterbatasan dalam keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa. Penelitian ini juga didukung oleh data yang menyebutkan bahwa skor rata-rata siswa Indonesia di PISA 2022 mengalami penurunan. Atas permasalahan-permasalahan tersebut peneliti berusaha untuk memberikan solusi berupa penggunaan model belajar yang menekankan partisipasi siswa untuk membangun pemikiran kritisnya. Maka dari itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa sekolah dasar pada mata pelajaran IPAS melalui model pembelajaran project based learning. Keterampilan berpikir kritis pada penelitian ini didasarkan pada 5 aspek yaitu 1) Klarifikasi dasar; 2) Menentukan dasar pengambilan keputusan; 3) Menyimpulkan; 4) Memberikan penjelasan lanjut; dan 5) Strategi dan taktik. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif metode eksperimen dengan desain quasi eksperimen non-equivalent control group design. Sampel pada penelitian terdiri dari 58 peserta didik kelas V SD dengan instrumen penelitian berupa tes objektif dan tes uraian. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 1) Model project based learning cukup efektif meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa; 2) Model project based learning lebih efektif meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa aspek klarifikasi dasar dibandingkan dengan model pembelajaran langsung; 3) Model project based learning cukup efektif meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa aspek menentukan dasar pengambilan keputusan dibandingkan dengan model pembelajaran langsung; 4) Model project based learning cukup efektif meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa aspek menyimpulkan dibandingkan dengan model pembelajaran langsung; 5) Model project based learning cukup efektif meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa aspek memberikan penjelasan lanjut dibandingkan dengan model pembelajaran langsung; 6) Model project based learning cukup efektif meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa aspek strategi & taktik dibandingkan dengan model pembelajaran langsung. This study was motivated by the observed learning conditions in elementary schools, where students demonstrated low participation levels, tended to be passive, and appeared confused when confronted with complex questions. Their exam scores on LOTS (Lower-Order Thinking Skills) questions were also low, and their inquiries were limited to basic topics. These issues indicate a lack of critical thinking skills among students. The study is further supported by data showing a decline in the average scores of Indonesian students in the 2022 PISA assessment. In response to these problems, the researcher sought to propose a solution by implementing a learning model designed to foster student participation and develop critical thinking skills. The objective of this research was to enhance the critical thinking skills of elementary school students in the subject of Science, Environment, and Social Studies (IPAS) through the use of the project-based learning model. The critical thinking skills assessed in this study are based on five aspects: 1) Basic Clarification, 2) Determining the Basis for Decision Making, 3) Drawing Conclusions, 4) Providing Further Explanation, and 5) Strategies and Tactics. The research employed a quantitative experimental method with a quasi-experimental non-equivalent control group design. The sample consisted of 58 fifth-grade elementary school students, and the research instruments included objective and essay tests. The results of this study indicated the following 1) The project-based learning model is moderately effective in improving students' critical thinking skills; 2) The project-based learning model is more effective in enhancing the basic clarification aspect of critical thinking compared to direct instruction; 3) The project-based learning model is moderately effective in improving the aspect of determining the basis for decision-making compared to direct instruction; 4) The project-based learning model is moderately effective in enhancing the ability to draw conclusions compared to direct instruction; 5) The project-based learning model is moderately effective in improving the ability to provide further explanations compared to direct instruction; 6) The project-based learning model is moderately effective in enhancing the strategies and tactics aspect of critical thinking compared to direct instruction.
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Item Type: | Thesis (S1) |
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Additional Information: | https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=tnMcFrMAAAAJ&hl=en ID SINTA Dosen Pembimbing Toto Fathoni: 5995741 Della Amelia: 6863791 |
Uncontrolled Keywords: | Project Based Learning, Berpikir Kritis, Sekolah Dasar, IPAS Project Based Learning, Critical Thinking, Elementary School, IPAS |
Subjects: | L Education > L Education (General) L Education > LB Theory and practice of education L Education > LB Theory and practice of education > LB1501 Primary Education |
Divisions: | Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan > Teknologi Pendidikan |
Depositing User: | Fauziah Fatah |
Date Deposited: | 08 Jan 2025 07:06 |
Last Modified: | 08 Jan 2025 07:06 |
URI: | http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/129536 |
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