Lilis Hartini, - (2023) LONG SHORT-TERM MEMORY LOSS PADA ORANG DENGAN AFASSIA BROCA: GANGGUAN PRODUKSI BAHASA DAN STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI (KAJIAN NEUROPSIKOLINGUISTIK). S3 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.
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Abstract
ABSTRAK Penelitian neuropsikolinguistik ini telah mengungkapkan keadaan long short-term memory pada orang dengan afasia broca. Secara umum, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan gangguan kebahasaan orang dengan afasia dalam memproduksi bahasa dan strategi komunikasi selama berujar. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, proses morfosintaksis-pragmatik pada ujaran seorang informan dianalisis berdasarkan teori Wesberg dan Reeves tentang level of analysis in language. Teori ini mendeskripsikan bahwa bahasa bersifat independen dan unik pada setiap orang, sehingga dapat mengungkap pengetahuan dan kebiasaan seseorang melalui kognisinya. Subjek penelitian ini sudah mengalami afasia broca selama dua puluh tahun karena dampak dari stroke hemoragik. Data penelitian ini diambil dari ujaran dan gerakan-gerakan informan ketika mengeluarkan informasi berupa bahasa verbal dan nonverbal. Data tersebut dianalisis berdasarkan kategori tanpa stimulus dan dengan stimulus. Data tanpa stimulus ditujukan untuk mengetahui gangguan bahasa yang terjadi pada informan sementara data dengan stimulus ditujukan untuk mengetahui tingkat kreativitas informan dalam memproduksi bahasa. Analisis diurutkan berdasarkan fase kalimat, fase frasa, dan fase kata untuk gangguan produksi bahasa dalam retrieval data bahasa. Urutan untuk strategi komunikasi berdasarkan komunikasi verbal dan nonverbal. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa informan sudah kehilangan daya kreativitas bahasa sehingga terjadi defisit pada retrieval data bahasa di long-term memory. Di sisi lain, penyimpanan di short-term memory mendapat kendala karena memori kerja terhalang ketika memasukkan data bahasa ke long-term memory. Hal ini terjadi karena informan sudah mengalami pemburukan afasia atau severe broca aphasia. Dampak selanjutnya adalah kelupaan. Secara khusus, terjadi penurunan produksi bahasa pada informan yang merupakan kebalikan dari perkembangan bahasa pada anak-anak. Pengerucutan bahasa ini dimulai dari kemunduran produksi afiksasi menjadi kalimat berbentuk morfem dasar, yang umumnya hanya tiga kata serta produksi frasa yang diasosiasi. Akhirnya, informan cenderung menggunakan gestur saja; produksi bahasanya sering dielipsis; ada ketidakakuratan dalam seleksi kata; dan terdapat jeda. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa informan mengalami kelupaan dengan ciri defisit morfosintaksis-pragmatik dan pelemahan kognisi. Penelitian ini telah menunjukkan bahwa informan mengalami long-short term memory loss karena dia tidak dapat melakukan rehearsal dari storage di short-term memory, sehingga data bahasa sulit ditransfer ke long-term memory. Di sisi lain, informasi baru tidah dapat tersimpan di short-term memory. Lebih jauh lagi, data bahasa yang sudah tersimpan di long-term memory sulit diakses, sehingga terjadi kendala ketika retrieval. Implikasi penelitian ini dapat membuka wawasan dalam menggali latar belakang pengetahuan pada orang dengan afasia. Berdasar pengetahuan tentang kebiasaan berbahasa orang dengan afasia, seorang linguis klinis akan mengetahui area bahasa yang terganggu dan mengerti maksud tuturan maupun gestur mereka. Kata Kunci: Afasia Broca, Kelupaan, LSTM, Retrieval ABSTRACT This neuropsycholinguistic research has revealed a state of long short-term memory in an individual with Broca's aphasia. In general, this study aims to describe the language disorders of an individual with aphasia in producing language and communication strategies during speech. To achieve this goal, the morphosyntactic-pragmatic processes of an informant's utterances were analyzed based on the theory from Wesberg and Reeves regarding the level of analysis in language. This theory describes that language is independent and unique to each person so that it can reveal a person's knowledge and habits through his cognition. The research subject of the study had experienced Broca's aphasia for twenty years due to the impact of a hemorrhagic stroke. The data of the current study were taken from the informants' speeches and movements when issuing information in the form of verbal and nonverbal language. The data were analyzed based on categories without stimulus and with stimulus. The data without stimulus were intended to determine language disorders that occurred in informant while the data with a stimulus were intended to determine the level of creativity of informant in producing language. The analysis was sorted by sentence phase, phrase phase, and word phase for language production disorders in language data retrieval. Sequence for communication strategy was based on verbal and nonverbal communication. The results of the analysis showed that the informant had lost his language creativity, resulting in a deficit in language data retrieval in long-term memory. On the other hand, the storage in short-term memory had problems because working memory was blocked when entering language data into the long-term memory. This happened because the informant had experienced worsening aphasia or severe broca aphasia. The next effect was forgetfulness. In particular, there was a decrease in the informant's language production which is the opposite of language development in children. The narrowing of this language starts from the decline in the production of affixes into sentences in the form of basic morphemes, which are generally only three words and the production of associated phrases. Finally, the informant only used gestures; the language production was frequently ellipsis, there were inaccuracies in word selection, and there were pauses. Based on this study, it can be concluded that the informant experienced forgetfulness with morphosyntactic-pragmatic deficits and impaired cognition. This study has indicated that the informant experienced long short-term memory loss because he could not rehearse from storage in short-term memory, so language data was difficult to transfer to long-term memory. On the other hand, new information cannot be stored in short-term memory. Further, language data that have been stored in the long-term memory are difficult to access, so problems occurred during retrieval. The implications of this research can open up the insights into exploring more about the background knowledge of people with aphasia. Based on knowledge of the language habits of people with aphasia, a clinical linguist will identify the areas of impaired language and understand their speech and gesture intentions. Key Word: Broca Aphasia, Loss, LSTM, Retrieval
Item Type: | Thesis (S3) |
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Additional Information: | https://scholar.google.co.id/citations?user=YKtfOs4AAAAJ&hl=en SINTA id: 5994886 SINTA id: 5994823 |
Uncontrolled Keywords: | Afasia Broca, Kelupaan, LSTM, Retrieval Broca Aphasia, Loss, LSTM, Retrieval |
Subjects: | P Language and Literature > P Philology. Linguistics |
Divisions: | Sekolah Pasca Sarjana > Linguistik S-3 |
Depositing User: | Lilis Hartini |
Date Deposited: | 05 Sep 2023 20:01 |
Last Modified: | 05 Sep 2023 20:01 |
URI: | http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/100910 |
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